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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">284706</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD284706</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Systematic reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Систематические обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>系统评价</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">COVID-19-related cardiac lesion: The questions of pathogenesis and diagnostics</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Поражение сердца при COVID-19: вопросы патогенеза и диагностики</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>COVID-19的心脏受损：发病机制和诊断的问题</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0894-1994</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2665-5973</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filatova</surname><given-names>Daria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филатова</surname><given-names>Дарья Андреевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Filatova</surname><given-names>Daria A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dariafilatova.msu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1266-4926</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6897-9641</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mershina</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мершина</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Mershina</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med), Associate Professor</p></bio><email>elena_mershina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5649-2193</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8449-6590</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsyn</surname><given-names>Valentin E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицын</surname><given-names>Валентин Евгеньевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sinitsyn</surname><given-names>Valentin E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med), Professor</p></bio><email>vsini@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medical Research and Education Center of Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский научно-образовательный центр Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Medical Research and Education Center of Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-04-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-12" publication-format="electronic"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>156</fpage><lpage>169</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-02-25"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-03-31"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/284706">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/284706</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Coronavirus infection is still a topic of interest in the medical community today. Among the heterogeneous clinical manifestations of this disease, lesions of cardiac structures often occur. They are mainly inflammatory in nature and can be acute or delayed. Aside from myocarditis, coronavirus infection can induce cardiac injuries, including acute coronary syndrome, thromboembolic events, heart failure, and heart rhythm disturbances. It is well known that the prognosis for patients with cardiac lesions significantly worsens; timely diagnosis and treatment initiation play an important role in preventing severe complications.</p> <p>This review presents the most recent literature data on the pathogenesis of cardiac lesions in COVID-19 patients and discusses the rational diagnosis of this pathology using modern techniques, such as laboratory, functional imaging (cardiac magnetic resonance is the most important of these), and invasive ones. It is now established that diagnosing myocarditis caused by coronavirus infection differs fundamentally from diagnosing other types of myocarditis. Furthermore, the main aspects of inflammatory heart lesions associated with COVID-19 vaccination are discussed, as this complication occurs more frequently than is commonly believed. It is often used as a rationale for refusing vaccination; however, this decision may severely affect the individual and the population.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Тема коронавирусной инфекции до настоящего времени не теряет своей актуальности в медицинской среде. Среди гетерогенных клинических проявлений этого заболевания выделяют поражение структур сердца, главным образом воспалительного характера. Помимо миокардита, при коронавирусной инфекции возможен целый спектр острых или отсроченных поражений сердца, в частности острый коронарный синдром, тромбоэмболические события, сердечная недостаточность, нарушения ритма сердца. Известно, что прогноз для пациентов с поражением сердца значимо ухудшается. Своевременные постановка диагноза и начало лечения играют принципиально важную роль для предотвращения тяжёлых осложнений.</p> <p>В обзоре приводятся современные литературные данные о патогенезе поражения сердца при COVID-19, обсуждаются вопросы рациональной диагностики данной патологии с помощью современных методик (лабораторных, функциональных, визуализирующих), в том числе инвазивных. Главную роль среди визуализирующих методов играет магнитно-резонансная томография сердца с контрастированием. В настоящее время признано, что диагностика миокардита, ассоциированного с коронавирусной инфекцией, имеет ряд принципиальных отличий от диагностики миокардита другой природы. Кроме того, отражены основные аспекты воспалительного поражения сердца, ассоциированного с вакцинацией против COVID-19, поскольку такое осложнение возникает чаще, чем принято считать. Нередко оно является поводом для отказа от вакцинации, что может повлечь за собой тяжёлые последствия как для отдельного человека, так и популяции в целом.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>冠状病毒感染仍然是医学界的一个热门话题。心脏结构受损从该病的异质性临床表现中脱颖而出，主要是炎性的。除心肌炎外，冠状病毒感染还可导致一系列急性或迟发性的心脏受损，如急性冠状动脉综合征、血栓栓塞性事件、心力衰竭和心律紊乱。众所周知，有心脏受损的病人的预后大幅度恶化。及时诊断和启动治疗对于严重并发症的预防至关重要。</p> <p>本综述介绍了与COVID-19心脏受损发病机制有关的现代文献资料，讨论了利用现代技 术（实验室、功能、影像学），包括侵入性技术，对这种病理进行合理诊断的问题。在影像技术中起主要作用的是心脏超影磁共振成像。现在专家认为，与冠状病毒感染有关的心肌炎诊断，与其他心肌炎诊断相比，有一些根本区别。此外，还反映了与COVID-19疫苗接种相关的炎症性心脏受损的主要方面，因为这种并发症的发生率比通常认为的高。它往往是不打疫苗的一个理由，这对个人和整个人群都会产生严重的后果。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute coronary syndrome</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>heart rhythm disturbances</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>myocarditis</kwd><kwd>vaccination</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>миокардит</kwd><kwd>острый коронарный синдром</kwd><kwd>нарушения ритма сердца</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>вакцинация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>心肌炎</kwd><kwd>急性冠状动脉综合征</kwd><kwd>心律紊乱</kwd><kwd>磁共振成像</kwd><kwd>疫苗接种</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shi S, Qin M, Shen B, et al. 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