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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">546163</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD546163</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Case reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические случаи и серии клинических случаев</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>临床病例及临床病例的系列</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Difficulties in myocarditis diagnosis: a case report</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Трудности диагностики миокардита: клинический случай</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>心肌炎的诊断难题：临床病例</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9803-2139</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2863-4840</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poteshkina</surname><given-names>Natalia G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потешкина</surname><given-names>Наталия Георгиевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Poteshkina</surname><given-names>Natalia G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><email>nat-pa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0787-4347</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8853-2700</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalevskaya</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалевская</surname><given-names>Елена Анатольевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kovalevskaya</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant professor</p></bio><email>tolyaaa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5649-2193</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8449-6590</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsyn</surname><given-names>Valentin E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицын</surname><given-names>Валентин Евгеньевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sinitsyn</surname><given-names>Valentin E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><email>vsini@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1266-4926</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6897-9641</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mershina</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мершина</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Mershina</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant professor</p></bio><email>elena_mershina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0894-1994</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2665-5973</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filatova</surname><given-names>Daria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филатова</surname><given-names>Дарья Андреевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Filatova</surname><given-names>Daria A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dariafilatova.msu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2980-9754</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9711-5041</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Selivanova</surname><given-names>Galina B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селиванова</surname><given-names>Галина Борисовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Selivanova</surname><given-names>Galina B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><email>galina.selivanova@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2194-0785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shashkina</surname><given-names>Yavilika R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шашкина</surname><given-names>Явилика Романовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Shashkina</surname><given-names>Yavilika R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>yavilika-medik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow City Hospital 52</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская клиническая больница №52, Москва</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Moscow City Hospital 52</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University Medical Research and Educational Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский научно-образовательный центр Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Lomonosov Moscow State University Medical Research and Educational Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-09-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>605</fpage><lpage>615</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-07-14"><day>14</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-08-31"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/546163">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/546163</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Myocarditis is often difficult to diagnose. The diagnostic difficulties include nonspecific symptoms or a “vague” clinical picture, absence of pathognomonic signs during physical examination, and endomyocardial biopsy, which is the “gold standard” of diagnosis of myocarditis, being an invasive procedure that is performed under strict indications in certain patients. Nevertheless, as radiology is rapidly developing, clinicians are now able to noninvasively diagnose symptoms of inflammatory myocardial damage, including edema and myocardial fibrosis, using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. This article presents the clinical case of a young patient with symptoms of acute coronary syndrome, who showed no evidence of coronary artery disease. Myocarditis was suspected because of increased activity of cardiospecific enzymes and high levels of inflammatory markers, pronounced electrocardiography changes with positive dynamics, and recent infection. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to confirm myocarditis diagnosis. Thus, this case study demonstrates the role of imaging techniques in the differential diagnosis of ischemic and inflammatory heart diseases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Миокардит нередко является трудным для диагностики заболеванием сердца. Сложности его диагностики объясняются неспецифической симптоматикой или «стёртой» клинической картиной, отсутствием патогномоничных признаков при физикальном обследовании, а также тем обстоятельством, что эндомиокардиальная биопсия, являющаяся «золотым стандартом» диагностики, — это инвазивная процедура, которая проводится по строгим показаниям ограниченному количеству пациентов. Тем не менее, по мере развития лучевой диагностики у клиницистов появилась возможность неинвазивной диагностики симптомов воспалительного поражения миокарда, в том числе отёка и миокардиального фиброза, с помощью магнитно-резонансной томографии сердца.</p> <p>В статье представлен клинический случай пациента молодого возраста с симптомами острого коронарного синдрома, у которого при этом не было выявлено признаков поражения коронарных артерий. С учётом повышения активности кардиоспецифических ферментов и уровней маркёров воспаления, выраженных изменений на электрокардиографии с положительной динамикой, а также факта перенесённой накануне инфекции, был заподозрен миокардит. В результате проведения магнитно-резонансной томографии сердца в динамике диагноз был подтверждён. Таким образом, показана роль визуализирующей методики для дифференциальной диагностики ишемического и воспалительного поражения сердца.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>心肌炎通常是一种难以诊断的心脏病。非特异性症状或不明显的临床表现、体格检查中缺乏病理征象都是诊断困难的原因。心内膜活检（诊断的“金标准”）是一种侵入性手术，这也是诊断困难的原因。只有在严格的适应症下，才会对少数患者实施这种手术。不过，随着放射诊断技术的发展，医生现在有机会对炎症性心肌损伤症状（包括水肿和心肌纤维化）进行非侵入性诊断。这种诊断是通过心脏磁共振成像（MRI）进行的。</p> <p>文章介绍一个年轻患者的临床病例，该患者有急性冠状动脉综合征的症状。但是没有发现冠状动脉损伤的迹象。观察到的是，心脏特异性酶活性和炎症标志物的水平升高，心电图检查出现明显变化并呈正方向变动。此外，还注意到患者以前曾感染过病毒。考虑到这些情况，怀疑是心肌炎。心脏动态磁共振成像结果证实了这一诊断。由此可见，本文强调了成像技术在鉴别诊断缺血性和炎症性心脏病变中的作用。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myocarditis</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>electrocardiography</kwd><kwd>troponin</kwd><kwd>case report</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миокардит</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>электрокардиография</kwd><kwd>тропонин</kwd><kwd>клинический случай</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>心肌炎</kwd><kwd>磁共振成像</kwd><kwd>心电图检查</kwd><kwd>肌钙蛋白</kwd><kwd>临床病例</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ammirati E, Moslehi JJ. 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