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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">568545</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD568545</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Technical Reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Технические отчеты</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>技术说明</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Optimization of magnetic resonance imaging of the hand</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Магнитно-резонансная томография кисти: оптимизация сканирования</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>手部磁共振成像：扫描优化</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0208-5218</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4458-5608</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilev</surname><given-names>Yuriy A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>Юрий Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Vasilev</surname><given-names>Yuriy A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>VasilevYA1@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4293-2514</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2278-7290</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>Dmitry S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>Dmitry S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Engineering)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Engineering)</p></bio><email>SemenovDS4@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1694-4682</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6193-1656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petraikin</surname><given-names>Alexey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петряйкин</surname><given-names>Алексей Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Petraikin</surname><given-names>Alexey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>PetryajkinAV@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7284-4737</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5575-4511</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Uchevatkin</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Учеваткин</surname><given-names>Андрей Алексеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Uchevatkin</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>UchevatkinAA@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6745-1672</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8640-9989</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abuladze</surname><given-names>Liya R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абуладзе</surname><given-names>Лия Руслановна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Abuladze</surname><given-names>Liya R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>drliaabuladze@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3198-1334</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6122-5786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazhin</surname><given-names>Alexander V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бажин</surname><given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Bazhin</surname><given-names>Alexander V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>BazhinAV@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-3912</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1811-7595</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharova</surname><given-names>Dariya E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарова</surname><given-names>Дарья Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sharova</surname><given-names>Dariya E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>SharovaDE@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-практический центр диагностики и телемедицинских технологий</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-06-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>269</fpage><lpage>282</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-31"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-11-16"><day>16</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/568545">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/568545</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold><italic>:</italic><italic> </italic>Magnetic resonance imaging is one of the leading imaging modalities of the musculoskeletal system. However, when imaging the hand, major problems in magnetic resonance imaging include the lack of specialized coils and reliable fixation devices for the hand, uncomfortable patient posture, motion artifacts, and small anatomical structures in the wrist. These factors inevitably lead to incorrect interpretation.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold><italic>:</italic><italic> </italic>To improve the quality of magnetic resonance imaging of the hand by developing an approach to coil selection, scanning protocol, and hand positioning and fixation.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS</bold><italic>:</italic><italic> </italic>A positioning device was developed to prevent hand movements. Two types of coils were evaluated. Magnetic resonance images were evaluated comparatively, as well as by a musculoskeletal radiologist.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold><italic>:</italic><italic> </italic>А head coil is more appropriate when scanning the entire hand, for example, in rheumatic diseases. A knee coil is more appropriate when studying smaller anatomical structures (including the wrist) owing to a smaller field of view and higher resolution. Based on the obtained data, guidelines for the selection of scanning parameters, sequences, and coils for magnetic resonance imaging<bold> </bold>of the hand were formulated. To prevent motion artifacts, a special fixation device of the patient’s hand was introduced.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION</bold><italic>:</italic><italic> </italic>Certain factors directly affect the qualitative magnetic resonance imaging study of the hand, such as safety protocols, scanning parameters, and hand fixation. The guidelines presented in this study and the use of the developed specialized fixation device may improve the quality of magnetic resonance imaging of the hand.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. Магнитно-резонансная томография — один из ведущих методов лучевой диагностики патологических изменений опорно-двигательного аппарата, в том числе лучезапястного сустава и кисти. Основными проблемами, с которыми встречаются рентгенолаборанты и врачи-рентгенологи при выполнении магнитно-резонансной томографии кисти, являются отсутствие специализированной катушки и надёжного фиксирующего устройства для кисти, а также неудобная поза пациента, что в итоге приводит к чрезмерной двигательной активности пациента во время исследования и снижению качества получаемых изображений. В дополнение к этому, лучезапястный сустав и кисть состоят из множества небольших анатомических структур, детальная визуализация которых требует удлинения времени сканирования, что в свою очередь является дополнительным фактором риска получения некачественных изображений из-за двигательной активности пациента, повышая вероятность некорректной интерпретации исследования врачом-рентгенологом.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold><bold> </bold>— улучшить качество изображений, полученных в ходе магнитно-резонансной томографии кисти, путём разработки стандартизованного подхода к выполнению исследования: выбор катушки, укладка пациента, осуществление фиксации кисти, а также выбор протокола сканирования и параметров импульсных последовательностей.</p> <p><bold>Материалы</bold><bold> </bold><bold>и</bold><bold> </bold><bold>методы</bold>.<bold> </bold>Разработана лонгета для предупреждения движений кисти и выполнены исследования с применением двух видов радиочастотных катушек. Проведена сравнительная оценка изображений по техническим параметрам, а также оценка врачом-рентгенологом, специализирующимся на скелетно-мышечной визуализации, на предмет качества изображений в зависимости от цели исследования.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Применение катушки для исследования головы (головной катушки) более целесообразно при необходимости сканирования всей кисти (например, при ревматологических заболеваниях), применение коленной катушки — при необходимости более детальной оценки анатомических структур (в том числе запястья), ввиду меньшего поля обзора и более высокого разрешения. На основании полученных данных были сформулированы рекомендации по проведению магнитно-резонансной томографии кисти: выбор радиочастотной катушки, протокола сканирования, параметров импульсных последовательностей. Кроме того, нами предложена лонгета для фиксации кисти пациента с целью нивелирования избыточных движений и предотвращения возникновения артефактов.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>.<bold> </bold>Для качественного выполнения магнитно-резонансной томографии кисти требуется учитывать ряд факторов: правила безопасности при проведении магнитно-резонансной томографии, настройка параметров сканирования, грамотная фиксация кисти в катушке. Соблюдение рекомендаций, которые предлагаются в данной работе, а также применение разработанной лонгеты позволяют улучшить качество полученных изображений при магнитно-резонансной томографии кисти.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p><bold>论证</bold>。磁共振成像是对包括腕关节和手部在内的肌肉骨骼系统病变进行放射诊断的主要方法之一。放射技师和放射科医生在进行手部磁共振成像时遇到的主要问题是缺乏专用线圈和可靠的手部固定装置，以及病人的姿势不舒适。这最终会导致患者在检查过程中过度移动，并降低所获图像的质量。此外，腕关节和手部由许多细小的解剖结构组成，对这些结构的详细观察需要更长的扫描时间。反过来，由于患者的运动活动，这也是造成图像质量差的一个额外风险因素。这就增加了放射科医生对检查做出错误解释的可能性。</p> <p><bold>目的</bold>是通过制定标准化的检查方法，提高手部磁共振成像的图像质量：线圈选择、患者定位、手部固定以及扫描方案和脉冲序列参数的选择。</p> <p><bold>材料和方法</bold>。开发了一种防止手部运动的绷带，并使用两种射频线圈进行了检查。一名专门从事肌肉骨骼成像的放射科医生对图像的技术参数进行了比较评估，并根据研究目的对图像质量进行了评估。</p> <p><bold>结果</bold>。当需要扫描整个手部（如风湿病）时，头部线圈更为合适。膝部线圈的视野较小，分辨率较高，可用于对解剖结构（包括腕部）进行更详细的评估。根据获得的数据，我们制定了手部磁共振成像的建议：选择射频线圈、扫描方案和脉冲序列参数。此外，我们还提出了固定患者手部的绷带，以平缓过度运动和防止伪影。</p> <p><bold>结论</bold>。要保证手部磁共振成像的质量，需要考虑以下几个因素：磁共振成像过程中的安全规则、扫描参数的调整以及手部在线圈中的正确固定。遵守本文提出的建议以及使用开发的绷带可以提高手部磁共振成像的质量。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>hand</kwd><kwd>wrist</kwd><kwd>optimization</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>кисть</kwd><kwd>лучезапястный сустав</kwd><kwd>оптимизация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>磁共振成像</kwd><kwd>手部</kwd><kwd>腕关节</kwd><kwd>优化</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="zh">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>123031500007-6</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ratasvuori MS, Lindfors NC, Sormaala MJ. 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