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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">60493</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD60493</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Case reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические случаи и серии клинических случаев</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>临床病例及临床病例的系列</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">MRI evaluation of the neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy result in a patient with rectal cancer, supplemented with T2-WI texture analysis of the tumor: a clinical case</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>МРТ-оценка результата неоадъювантной химиолучевой терапии у больной раком прямой кишки, дополненная текстурным анализом Т2-ВИ опухоли (клинический случай)</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>MRI评价1例直肠癌新辅助放化疗结果，辅以肿瘤T2WI结构分析（临床病例）</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4524-0839</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1841-7759</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dayneko</surname><given-names>Yana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дайнеко</surname><given-names>Яна Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Research Associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>науч. сотр.</p></bio><email>vorobeyana@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3549-4499</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5837-3465</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezovskaya</surname><given-names>Tatiana P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Березовская</surname><given-names>Татьяна Павловна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.) Professor, Chief Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, гл. науч. сотр.</p></bio><email>berez@mrrc.obninsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6686-5419</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Myalina</surname><given-names>Sofia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мялина</surname><given-names>Софья Анатольевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Junior Research Associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл. науч. сотр.</p></bio><email>samyalina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6543-6356</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6040-8930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orekhov</surname><given-names>Ivan A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орехов</surname><given-names>Иван Анатольевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Junior Research Associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл. науч. сотр.</p></bio><email>ivan.orekhov.vgma@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5961-2958</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3787-6139</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nevolskikh</surname><given-names>Aleksey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Невольских</surname><given-names>Алексей Алексеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.</p></bio><email>nevol@mrrc.obninsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">А. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский радиологический научный центр имени А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2021-03-12" publication-format="electronic"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-04-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-02-10"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-03-03"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Dayneko Y.A., Berezovskaya T.P., Myalina S.A., Orekhov I.A., Nevolskikh A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Дайнеко Я.А., Березовская Т.П., Мялина С.А., Орехов И.А., Невольских А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2021, Dayneko Y., Berezovskaya T., Myalina S., Orekhov I., Nevolskikh A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dayneko Y.A., Berezovskaya T.P., Myalina S.A., Orekhov I.A., Nevolskikh A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дайнеко Я.А., Березовская Т.П., Мялина С.А., Орехов И.А., Невольских А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Dayneko Y., Berezovskaya T., Myalina S., Orekhov I., Nevolskikh A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/60493">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/60493</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents a clinical case of using the active follow-up strategy (the so-called watch &amp; wait) in a 73-year-old patient with cancer of the lower rectum with a good response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NCRT). After 3 years of regular follow-up, including digital rectal examination, rectoscopy and MRI, indicating the absence of tumor progression, PET/ CT with 18F-FDG was obtained, which revealed a region of hypermetabolic activity in the lower rectum (SUVmax 27.1), in connection with which it was decided to carry out surgical treatment. When discussing the issue of the volume of the operation, MRI data were taken into account, supplemented by the results of T2-weighted texture analysis, which confirmed the absence of progression. The patient underwent organ-preserving treatment in the amount of transanal tumor resection. Pathomorphological examination after surgery established the inflammatory changes in the intestinal wall and absence of tumor. This case demonstrates the effectiveness of the standard examination volume when using the watch &amp; wait strategy and the possibility of using T2-WI texture analysis to increase the reliability of MRI assessment of tumor response to chemotherapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В работе представлен клинический случай использования стратегии активного динамического наблюдения (watch &amp; wait) у 73-летней больной раком нижнеампулярного отдела прямой кишки с хорошим ответом на неоадъювантную химиолучевую терапию. После трёх лет регулярного наблюдения, включающего пальцевое ректальное исследование, ректоскопию и магнитно-резонансную томографию (МРТ), указывавших на отсутствие прогрессирования опухоли, были получены результаты позитронно-эмиссионной томографии с 18F-фтордезоксиглюкозой, совмещённой с компьютерной томографией, выявившей в нижнеампулярном отделе прямой кишки участок гиперметаболической активности (SUVmax 27,1), в связи с чем было принято решение о проведении хирургического лечения. При обсуждении вопроса об объёме операции были учтены данные МРТ, дополненные результатами текстурного анализа Т2-ВИ, подтвердившие отсутствие прогрессирования. Пациентке было проведено органосохраняющее лечение в объёме трансанальной резекции опухоли. Патоморфологическое исследование операционного препарата установило воспалительные изменения в стенке кишки и отсутствие опухоли. Данный случай демонстрирует эффективность стандартного объёма обследования при использовании стратегии watch &amp; wait и возможность использования текстурного анализа Т2-ВИ для повышения надежности МРТ-оценки ответа опухоли на химиолучевую терапию.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>本文报告一名对新辅助化疗有良好反应的73岁下段壶腹直肠癌患者，采用积极动态随访策略（Watch &amp; Wait策略）的临床病例。经过三年的定期随访，包括指状直肠检查、直肠镜检查和磁共振成像（MRI），表明肿瘤没有进展，得到了18F氟脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层摄影与计算机断层摄影的结果。结果显示直肠下段壶腹部有一个高代谢活动的部位（SUVmax 27.1），因此决定进行手术治疗。讨论手术范围时，考虑MRI资料，辅以T2WI分析结果，证实无疾病进展。患者接受了保留器官的经肛门肿瘤切除体积的治疗。手术准备的病理形态学检查确定了肠壁炎症改变和肿瘤的消失。本案例证明了标准调查体积在使用Watch &amp; Wait策略时的有效性，以及使用T2WI分析来提高MRI评估肿瘤对放化疗反应的可靠性的可能性。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rectal cancer</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>texture analysis</kwd><kwd>neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy</kwd><kwd>response assessment on treatment</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>неоадъювантная химиолучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>текстурный анализ</kwd><kwd>ответ опухоли на лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>直肠癌</kwd><kwd>磁共振成像</kwd><kwd>新辅助化疗</kwd><kwd>结构分析</kwd><kwd>肿瘤对治疗的反应</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedyanin MYu, Artamonova EV, Barsukov YuA, et al. 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