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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">623209</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD623209</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>科学评论</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Radiological evaluation of a calyceal diverticulum presenting with hematuria</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рентгенологическая оценка дивертикула чашечки почки, проявляющегося гематурией</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>肾盏憩室伴有血尿的放射学评估</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4289-3289</contrib-id><name><surname>Masino</surname><given-names>Federica</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>federicamasino@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1526-5047</contrib-id><name><surname>Montatore</surname><given-names>Manuela</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>manuela.montatore@unifg.it</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4172-5126</contrib-id><name><surname>Eusebi</surname><given-names>Laura</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>lauraeu@virgilio.it</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9679-3861</contrib-id><name><surname>Gifuni</surname><given-names>Rossella</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>rossella.gifuni@gmial.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3535-5802</contrib-id><name><surname>Muscatella</surname><given-names>Gianmichele</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>muscatella94@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2808-5708</contrib-id><name><surname>Balbino</surname><given-names>Marina</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>marinabalbino93@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sortino</surname><given-names>Giuseppe</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>giuseppesortino@live.it</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8419-090X</contrib-id><name><surname>Pitoni</surname><given-names>Lucia</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>lucia.pitoni22@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4325-8330</contrib-id><name><surname>Guglielmi</surname><given-names>Giuseppe</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Professor</p></bio><email>giuseppe.guglielmi@unifg.it</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution>Foggia University School of Medicine</institution></aff><aff id="aff2"><institution>Carlo Urbani Hospital</institution></aff><aff id="aff3"><institution>Dimiccoli Hospital</institution></aff><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">“IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>592</fpage><lpage>600</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-11-11"><day>11</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-01-24"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/623209">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/623209</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Calyceal diverticula, also known as pyelogenic cysts, are a relatively uncommon condition, which is usually asymptomatic and incidentally diagnosed during routine imaging. In some cases, they may lead to concerning symptoms such as hematuria and flank pain, mimicking a renal tumor. In this case report, the patient suffered from hematuria that was initially suspected as a renal malignancy but was ultimately attributed to a calyceal diverticulum. The presented case allows evaluating one of the rarest and underestimated causes of hematuria and describes the main imaging features of calyceal diverticula. In particular, ultrasonography, computed tomography urography, dual-energy computed tomography, and magnetic resonance urography were performed. Subsequently, this case report also serves an educational purpose.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Дивертикулы чашечки почки, также известные как пиелогенные кисты, относятся к достаточно редким заболеваниям. Обычно наличие таких кист не сопровождается какими-либо симптомами, а диагноз устанавливается случайно во время планового визуализирующего исследования. Однако в некоторых случаях могут развиваться тревожные симптомы, такие как гематурия и боль в боку, похожие на симптомы опухоли почки. В этой статье описывается клинический случай пациента с гематурией, которую первоначально сочли проявлением злокачественного новообразования почки, однако в последующем связали с наличием дивертикула чашечки. Представленные данные позволяют ознакомиться с одной из самых редких и недооценённых причин развития гематурии. Кроме того, в статье описаны основные рентгенологические особенности дивертикулов чашечек почки. В частности, пациенту были проведены ультразвуковое исследование, компьютерная томографическая урография, двухэнергетическая компьютерная томография и магнитно-резонансная урография. Описание данного клинического случая также преследует образовательные цели.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>肾盏憩室,又称肾盂囊肿，是一种相当罕见的疾病。通常这些囊肿没有任何症状，在常规造影检查中偶然被诊断出来。但在某些情况下，可能会出现血尿、肋部疼痛和类似肾脏肿瘤等令人担忧的症状。本文描述了一例血尿患者的临床病例，患者最初被认为是肾脏恶性肿瘤的一种表现，但后来被归因于肾盏憩室。文中提供的数据让我们了解到血尿最罕见也最容易被低估的病因之一。此外，文章还描述了肾盏憩室的主要放射学特征。其中，患者接受了超声检查、计算机断层扫描尿路造影、双能量计算机断层扫描和核磁共振尿路造影。该临床病例的描述也具有教育目的。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>clinical case</kwd><kwd>diagnostic imaging</kwd><kwd>diverticulum</kwd><kwd>hematuria</kwd><kwd>kidney neoplasms</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>клинический случай</kwd><kwd>диагностическая визуализация</kwd><kwd>дивертикул</kwd><kwd>гематурия</kwd><kwd>новообразования почки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>临床病例</kwd><kwd>诊断成像</kwd><kwd>憩室</kwd><kwd>血尿</kwd><kwd>肾肿瘤</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhao Y, Zhang R, Yun Y, et al. 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