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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">624504</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD624504</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>原创性科研成果</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Capabilities of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in a comparative assessment of the effect of various targeted therapy options in patients with <italic>EGFR</italic>-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Возможности совмещённой позитронно-эмиссионной и компьютерной томографии в сравнительной оценке эффекта различных вариантов таргетной терапии у больных немелкоклеточным раком лёгкого с наличием мутации в гене <italic>EGFR</italic></trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>正电子发射断层扫描和计算机断层扫描相结合对EGFR基因突变的非小细胞肺癌患者的各种靶向治疗方案效果的比较评估</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6810-5644</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Strutynsky</surname><given-names>Vladislav A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Струтынский</surname><given-names>Владислав Андреевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Strutynsky</surname><given-names>Vladislav A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Rammen2@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5649-2193</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8449-6590</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsyn</surname><given-names>Valentin E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицын</surname><given-names>Валентин Евгеньевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sinitsyn</surname><given-names>Valentin E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>Vsini@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0093-7285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Platonova</surname><given-names>Oksana E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Платонова</surname><given-names>Оксана Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Platonova</surname><given-names>Oksana E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>Platonova@medicina.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">JSC “Medicine”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">АО «Медицина»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">JSC “Medicine”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-09-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>394</fpage><lpage>406</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-12-13"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-04-03"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/624504">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/624504</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold>:<italic> </italic>No publications in the Russian medical literature have examined the potential of positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography through a comparative evaluation of the effect of various targeted therapies involving tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and mutations in the <italic>EGFR</italic> gene.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold>: To explore the capabilities of positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography based on the RECIST 1.1 criteria and changes in SUV<sub>max</sub> and SUV<sub>mean</sub> metabolic parameters for the comparative assessment of the tumor response to targeted monotherapy and combination therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with <italic>EGFR</italic>-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS</bold>: The 2019–2022 examination records of positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography with <sup>18</sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose (<sup>18</sup>F-FDG) in 105 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were analyzed, including 75 patients with <italic>EGFR</italic>-activating mutation. The radiation exposure was adjusted individually and ranged from 45 to 90 mSv. The volume activity of the <sup>18</sup>F-FDG radiopharmaceutical was 260–500 MBq. The change in the total largest diameters of the target lesions and SUV<sub>max</sub> and SUV<sub>mean</sub> metabolic parameters were assessed before treatment initiation and 1.5–2.0 months after it. The follow-up duration for the changes in positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography findings in 17 patients with non-small cell lung cancer was at least 12 months.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold>: According to positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography images and SUV<sub>max</sub> and SUV<sub>mean</sub> changes, disease progression was significantly less common (<italic>p </italic>= 0.043 and <italic>p </italic>=0.029) in patients with <italic>EGFR</italic>-mutant non-small cell lung cancer from Groups 2 and 3 who received combination therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and bevacizumab or chemotherapy than in Group 1 and control group (4.2% vs. 20.0%–21.8%). An insignificant trend (<italic>p </italic>=0.092) to a higher partial response to therapy (58.3% vs. 40.0%) was noted. Similar changes in the total largest diameters of the target lesions at the early stage of therapy appeared to be not significant (<italic>p </italic>=0.187). Within the long-term follow-up of some patients with non-small cell lung cancer, in at least 50% of cases, changes in the total largest lesion diameters are consistent with the relevant SUV<sub>max</sub> and SUV<sub>mean</sub> alterations found in the first control study.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS</bold>: Based on the positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography data and alterations in SUV<sub>max</sub> and SUV<sub>mean</sub> metabolic parameters, the early tumor response to combined therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and bevacizumab or chemotherapy compared with targeted monotherapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors or chemotherapy of the control group was characterized by a significantly lower rate of metabolic disease progression, although a similar tendency of the change in the total largest diameters of target lesions according to RECIST 1.1. was not significant. Changes in SUV<sub>max</sub> and SUV<sub>mean</sub> metabolic parameters at the early stage of therapy are at least 50% faster than similar changes in the total largest diameters of the target lesions, which can be used for the timely identification of patients with a high risk of further progression as determined by RECIST 1.1.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. В отечественной медицинской литературе отсутствуют публикации, посвящённые изучению возможностей метода позитронной эмиссионной томографии, совмещённой с компьютерной томографией, в сравнительной оценке эффекта различных вариантов таргетной терапии с использованием ингибиторов тирозинкиназы у пациентов с немелкоклеточным раком лёгкого и мутацией в гене <italic>EGFR</italic>.</p> <p><bold>Цель </bold>— изучить возможности совмещённой позитронно-эмиссионной и компьютерной томографии с использованием критериев RECIST 1.1 и изменений метаболических показателей SUVmax и SUVmean в сравнительной оценке ответа опухоли на таргетную монотерапию и комбинированное лечение ингибиторами тирозинкиназы у пациентов с немелкоклеточным раком лёгкого и мутацией в гене <italic>EGFR</italic>.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>.<bold> </bold>Проанализированы протоколы исследований совмещённой позитронно-эмиссионной и компьютерной томографии с 18F-фтордезоксиглюкозой (18F-ФДГ) 105 пациентов с немелкоклеточным раком лёгкого, в том числе 75 — с активирующей мутацией в гене <italic>EGFR</italic>, выполненных в период с 2019 г. по 2022 г. Лучевая нагрузка подбиралась индивидуально и составляла от 45 до 90 мЗв. Объёмная активность радиофармпрепарата 18F-ФДГ — 260–500 МБк. Оценивали изменение суммы наибольших диаметров целевых очагов и метаболических показателей SUVmax и SUVmean до лечения и через 1,5–2,0 месяца от начала терапии. У 17 пациентов с немелкоклеточным раком лёгкого длительность наблюдения за изменениями позитронной эмиссионной томографии, совмещённой с компьютерной томографией, составила не менее 12 месяцев.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. По данным совмещённой позитронно-эмиссионной и компьютерной томографии и изменениям метаболических показателей SUVmax и SUVmean у пациентов с немелкоклеточным раком лёгкого и мутацией в гене <italic>EGFR</italic> 2-й и 3-й групп, получавших комбинированную терапию ингибиторами тирозинкиназы в сочетании с бевацизумабом или химиотерапией, прогрессирование заболевания выявлялось достоверно реже (<italic>p=</italic>0,043 и <italic>p=</italic>0,029), чем у пациентов 1-й группы и группы контроля (4,2% против 20,0–21,8%). Имелась также недостоверная тенденция (<italic>p=</italic>0,092) к более высокой частоте выявления частичного ответа на лечение (58,3% против 40,0%). Аналогичные изменения суммы наибольших диаметров целевых очагов на раннем этапе лечения оказались статистически незначимыми (<italic>p=</italic>0,187). Показано, что при длительном наблюдении за частью пациентов с немелкоклеточным раком лёгкого не менее чем в 50% случаев изменения суммы наибольших диаметров повторяют соответствующие изменения SUVmax и SUVmean, выявленные при 1-м контрольном исследовании.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. По данным позитронной эмиссионной томографии, совмещённой с компьютерной томографией, и изменениям метаболических показателей SUVmax и SUVmean показано, что ранний ответ опухоли на комбинированное лечение ингибиторами тирозинкиназы в сочетании с бевацизумабом или химиотерапией по сравнению с ответом на таргетную монотерапию ингибиторами тирозинкиназы или химиотерапевтическое лечение больных контрольной группы характеризуется достоверно более низкой частотой метаболического прогрессирования заболевания, хотя аналогичная тенденция суммы наибольших диаметров целевых очагов по критериям RECIST 1.1 была статистически незначимой. Изменение метаболических показателей SUVmax и SUVmean на раннем этапе лечения не менее чем в 50% случаев опережает аналогичные изменения суммы наибольших диаметров целевых очагов, что может быть использовано для своевременного выделения группы больных с высоким риском дальнейшего прогрессирования, определяемым по критериям RECIST 1.1.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。在俄罗斯的医学文献中，还没有专门研究正电子发射断层扫描与计算机断层扫描相结合，对非小细胞肺癌和EGFR基因患者使用酪氨酸激酶抑制剂进行各种靶向治疗方案的效果进行比较评估。</p> <p>目的 — 研究使用RECIST1.1标准和代谢指数SUVmax和 SUVmean的变化比较评估非小细胞肺癌和EGFR基因突变患者对酪氨酸激酶抑制剂靶向单药治疗和联合治疗肿瘤反应的可能性。</p> <p>材料和方法。分析了2019年至2022年期间105名非小细胞肺癌患者的18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（18F-FDG）正电子发射和计算机断层扫描相结合的研究方案，其中包括75名EGFR基因活化突变的患者。辐射负载因人而异，范围为45至90mSv。18F-FDG放射性药物的容积活性为260-500MBq。 评估了治疗前和治疗开始后1.5-2.0个月内最大靶灶直径总和以及代谢指数SUVmax和 SUVmean的变化。在17名非小细胞肺癌患者中，正电子发射断层扫描和计算机断层扫描相结合变化的观察持续时间至少为12个月。</p> <p>结果。根据接受酪氨酸激酶抑制剂贝伐单抗或贝化疗结合综合治疗的第2组和第3组EGFR基因突变非小细胞肺癌患者的正电子发射和计算机断层扫描相结合的数据和代谢指数SUVmax和SUVmean的变化，发现疾病进展的频率（P=0.043和P=0.029）明显低于第1组患者和对照组（4.2% vs 20.0-21.8%）。部分治疗反应（P=0.092）检测率较高的趋势（58.3% vs 40.0%）也不明显。 治疗早期最大靶灶直径之和的类似变化在统计学上并不显著（p=0.187）。研究表明，在对部分非小细胞肺癌患者的长期观察中，至少有50%的病例中，最大直径总和的变化重复了第一次对照研究中发现的SUVmax和SUVmean的相应变化。</p> <p>结论。根据正电子发射和计算机断层扫描相结合的数据和代谢指数SUVmax和SUVmean的变化表明，对照组患者酪氨酸激酶抑制剂贝伐珠单抗或化疗的单药靶向结合的综合治疗早期反应，与酪氨酸激酶抑制剂靶向单药治疗或化疗的反应相比，尽管根据RECIST1.1标准靶灶最大直径的变化趋势无统计意义，但疾病代谢进展的频率明显降低。至少有50%的病例在治疗早期代谢指数SUVmax和SUVmean的变化超过了靶向病灶最大直径总和的类似变化，根据 RECIST1.1标准，这些变化可用于及时识别有进一步发展的高风险患者群体。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>non-small-cell lung cancer</kwd><kwd>positron emission tomography / computed tomography</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>tyrosine kinase inhibitors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>немелкоклеточный рак лёгкого</kwd><kwd>позитронная эмиссионная томография, совмещённая с компьютерной томографией</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы тирозинкиназы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>非小细胞肺癌</kwd><kwd>正电子发射断层扫描和计算机断层扫描相结合</kwd><kwd>靶向治疗</kwd><kwd>酪氨酸激酶抑制剂</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaprin AD, Starinskii VV, Shakhzadova AO. 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