Digital DiagnosticsDigital DiagnosticsDigital DiagnosticsDigital Diagnostics2712-84902712-8962Eco-Vector62475410.17816/DD624754Original Study ArticlesОригинальные исследования原创性科研成果Research ArticleMitral valve calcinosis as an important finding during heart examinationКальциноз митрального клапана как важная находка при сердечно-сосудистой визуализации二尖瓣钙化作为心血管成像的一个重要发现https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0894-19942665-5973FilatovaDaria A.ФилатоваДарья АндреевнаFilatovaDaria A.
Russian Federation

MD

MD

dariafilatova.msu@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1266-49266897-9641MershinaElena A.МершинаЕлена АлександровнаMershinaElena A.
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

канд. мед. наук

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

elena_mershina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7533-98671857-0770PlotnikovaMaria L.ПлотниковаМария ЛеонидовнаPlotnikovaMaria L.
Russian Federation

MD

MD

maria_plotnikova@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8402-76432301-8480LisitskayaMariya V.ЛисицкаяМария ВалерьевнаLisitskayaMariya V.
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

канд. мед. наук

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

lissenok@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5649-21938449-6590SinitsynValentin E.СиницынВалентин ЕвгеньевичSinitsynValentin E.
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

vsini@mail.ruLomonosov Moscow State UniversityМосковский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваLomonosov Moscow State University1906202420092024522192301712202324012024Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2024, Эко-векторCopyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector2024Eco-VectorЭко-векторEco-Vectorhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/624754

BACKGROUND: Mitral valve calcinosis is a chronic degenerative process in the fibrous structures of the mitral valve. Advanced stages increase the risk of endocarditis and cardiac rhythm disturbances and contribute to cardiovascular mortality. The cause of mitral valve calcinosis is still controversial; however, the contribution of atherosclerosis to its development is currently undisputed. The prevalence of mitral valve calcinosis varies in different age groups and on average is higher in people with cardiovascular disease.

AIM: To assess the prevalence of mitral valve calcinosis in patients undergoing computed tomography angiography and identify the relationship between aortic and mitral valve calcinosis and coronary calcium index and signs of remodeling.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 336 patients who underwent computed tomography coronary angiography with intravenous contrast enhancement at the Lomonosov Moscow State University Clinic between November 13, 2020, and May 14, 2022, was conducted.

RESULTS: The prevalence of aortic (16.4%) and mitral (11%) valve calcinosis was high in people undergoing cardiovascular examination, and a relationship was noted between valve calcinosis and coronary calcium index.

CONCLUSION: The detection of mitral valve calcinosis in patients during routine examination is important in predicting further treatment and outcomes because valve calcinosis is an indirect indicator of coronary heart disease risk. Although valve calcinosis is usually an incidental examination finding, it may indicate a high cardiovascular risk and should prompt further evaluation, if clinically necessary.

Обоснование. Кальциноз митрального клапана — это хронический дегенеративный процесс в фиброзных структурах митрального клапана, на продвинутых стадиях повышающий риск развития эндокардита и нарушений ритма сердца, а также вносящий вклад в структуру сердечно-сосудистой смертности. Этиология кальциноза митрального клапана пока является дискутабельным вопросом, однако вклад атеросклероза в его развитие в настоящее время не вызывает сомнений. Распространённость кальциноза митрального клапана варьирует в разных возрастных группах и в среднем выше у людей с заболеваниями сердечно-сосудистой системы.

Цель — оценка распространённости кальциноза митрального клапана у пациентов, проходящих компьютерную томографическую ангиографию; выявление взаимосвязи между кальцинозом аортального и митрального клапанов и индексом коронарного кальция, а также признаками ремоделирования.

Материалы и методы. Проведено ретроспективное исследование 336 пациентов, проходивших компьютерную томографическую коронароангиографию с внутривенным контрастированием на базе Медицинского научно-образовательного центра Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова в период с 13.11.2020 по 14.05.2022.

Результаты. Исследование показало высокую распространённость кальциноза аортального (16,4%) и митрального (11%) клапанов в популяции людей, проходящих обследование сердечно-сосудистой системы, а также наличие взаимосвязи между кальцинозом клапанов и индексом коронарного кальция.

Заключение. Выявление кальциноза митрального клапана у пациентов при рутинном обследовании играет важную роль для прогнозирования дальнейшего лечения и исхода, поскольку кальциноз клапанов является косвенным показателем риска ишемической болезни сердца. Будучи, как правило, случайной находкой при обследовании, кальциноз клапанов может свидетельствовать о наличии у пациента повышенного сердечно-сосудистого риска и должен быть поводом для дополнительного обследования при клинической необходимости.

论证。二尖瓣钙化好机会是二尖瓣纤维结构的一种慢性退行性过程。二尖瓣钙化在晚期会增加心内膜炎和心律失常的风险，并导致心血管死亡。二尖瓣钙化的病因仍存在争议。不过，动脉粥样硬化对二尖瓣钙化的发展所起的作用目前是毋庸置疑的。二尖瓣钙化在不同年龄段的发病率各不相同，平均而言，心血管疾病患者的发病率较高。

目的是评估接受计算机断层扫描血管造影术的患者中二尖瓣钙化的发病率；确定主动脉瓣和二尖瓣钙化与冠状动脉钙化指数和重塑迹象之间的关系。

材料和方法。该回顾性研究实对 2020 年 11 月 13 日至 2022 年 5 月 14 日期间在 Medical Scientific and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University 接受静脉注射造影剂的计算机断层扫描冠状动脉造影术的 336 名患者进行的。

结果。研究显示了，在接受心血管筛查的人群中，主动脉瓣（16.4%）和二尖瓣（11%）钙化的发病率很高，而且瓣膜钙化与冠状动脉钙化指数之间存在关系。

结论。在常规检查中发现患者的二尖瓣钙化对于预测进一步的治疗和结果非常重要，因为瓣膜钙化是冠心病风险的间接指标。虽然瓣膜钙化通常是检查中的偶然发现，但它可能预示着患者的心血管风险增加，临床上有必要时应考虑对其进行进一步评估。

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