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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">629318</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD629318</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>原创性科研成果</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Parameters of oculomotor activity and cerebral hemodynamics in students with different types of autonomic reactivity while performing cognitive tasks</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Показатели окуломоторной деятельности и церебральной гемодинамики у студентов с разным типом вегетативной реактивности в процессе выполнения когнитивных задач</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>不同类型自主性反应的学生执行认知任务过程中其动眼神经活动和脑血液动力学的指标</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9346-6357</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5850-6715</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Taleeva</surname><given-names>Anna I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Талеева</surname><given-names>Анна Ильинична</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Taleeva</surname><given-names>Anna I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><email>a.taleeva@narfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8384-0424</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8090-7591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvyagina</surname><given-names>Natalya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Звягина</surname><given-names>Наталья Васильевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Zvyagina</surname><given-names>Natalya V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>n.zvyagina@narfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0781-0164</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3269-1935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karyakina</surname><given-names>Olga E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карякина</surname><given-names>Ольга Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Karyakina</surname><given-names>Olga E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>o.travnikova@narfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6220-0490</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1138-5057</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>Nikolay V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>Николай Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>Nikolay V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>pnvnick@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4366-0703</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1473-8312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zotikova</surname><given-names>Tatyana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зотикова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Витальевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Zotikova</surname><given-names>Tatyana V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zotikova.t.v@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северный (Арктический) федеральный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Archimedes Audio LLC</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Архимед Аудио»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Archimedes Audio LLC</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-10-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>519</fpage><lpage>533</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-21"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-06-20"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/629318">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/629318</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold>: At the current state of human development, with the high rates of knowledge accumulation and accelerated social and technical evolution, studying the psychophysiological features of cognitive activity within a limited time is essential.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold>: To examine oculomotor activity and cerebral hemodynamics parameters in students with different types of autonomic reactivity while performing cognitive tasks.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS</bold>: The study enrolled 110 students of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (mean age, 19.0±0.5 years). To identify specific features of cognitive activity in various timing conditions, the type of autonomic nervous system reactivity was determined. Eye movements were tracked when solving cognitive tasks at various timing conditions. A rheoencephalogram was simultaneously recorded to assess cerebral hemodynamics. The efficiency of cognitive activity was assessed in various timing conditions with consideration of the identified individual typological features.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold>: The participants demonstrated different efficiency levels of cognitive activity when performing cognitive tasks at various timing conditions. Students with a sympathetic-tone type of autonomic reactivity revealed the most efficient and rapid processing of visual information under a time-constraint setting owing to the presence of a more stable relationship between oculomotor activity and cerebral hemodynamics parameters. Participants with parasympathetic-tone reactivity showed the lowest success rates in cognitive activity and the least stable relationships between oculomotor activity and cerebral hemodynamics.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS</bold>: Young individuals with different types of autonomic reactivity exhibited general and specific alterations in cerebral hemodynamics and oculomotor activity when performing cognitive tasks under a time-constraint setting. They showed different efficiency levels of cognitive activity. Thus, human cognitive abilities under stress depend on the reactivity type of the nervous system. The specific changes in oculomotor reactions and cerebral hemodynamics parameters may be considered success markers of cognitive activity. The most successful cognitive activity under limited time conditions is ensured with a more stable statistical relationship between cerebral hemodynamics and oculomotor activity parameters. This is reflected in a stable factor model of visual cognitive activity, regardless of time limitations.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. На современном этапе развития человечества в условиях высокой динамики накопления знаний, ускоренного общественного и технического развития возрастает необходимость изучения психофизиологических особенностей когнитивной деятельности в условиях лимита времени.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> ― изучить показатели окуломоторной деятельности и церебральной гемодинамики у студентов с разным типом вегетативной реактивности в процессе выполнения когнитивных задач.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В исследовании приняли участие 110 студентов Северного (Арктического) федерального университета имени М.В. Ломоносова (средний возраст 19,0±0,5 года). Для выявления специфических особенностей обеспечения когнитивной деятельности в разных временных условиях у обследуемых определяли тип реактивности вегетативной нервной системы: проводили регистрацию движений глаз в процессе решения когнитивных задач в разных временных условиях; для оценки церебральной гемодинамики одновременно регистрировали реоэнцефалограмму; оценивали эффективность когнитивной деятельности в разных временных условиях с учётом выявленных индивидуально-типологических особенностей.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. У представителей выделенных нами групп в процессе когнитивной работы в различных временных условиях зафиксирована разная эффективность выполнения когнитивных заданий. Наиболее эффективная и скоростная обработка зрительной информации в условиях временного лимита была зафиксирована у лиц с симпатотоническим типом вегетативной реактивности благодаря более устойчивым взаимосвязям параметров окуломоторной активности и церебральной гемодинамики. Наименее устойчивая структура взаимосвязей окуломоторной активности и церебральной гемодинамики характерна для представителей ваготонического типа реактивности, у которых зафиксированы самые низкие показатели успешности когнитивной деятельности.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. У молодых лиц с разным типом вегетативной реактивности при выполнении когнитивной задачи в условиях временных ограничений выявлены общие и специфические изменения церебральной гемодинамики и окуломоторной активности, зафиксирована разная эффективность когнитивной деятельности. Выявленные особенности свидетельствуют о зависимости проявления когнитивных способностей человека в условиях стресса от типологических свойств нервной системы и могут маркироваться специфическими изменениями окуломоторных реакций и параметров церебральной гемодинамики. Наиболее успешная когнитивная деятельность в условиях лимита времени обеспечивается более устойчивым статистическим взаимодействием параметров церебральной гемодинамики и окуломоторной активности, что отражается в стабильности факторной модели зрительной когнитивной деятельности независимо от временных ограничений.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。在人类发展的现阶段，知识积累高度动态、社会和技术发展加速的条件下，研究认知活动在时间限制条件下的心理生理学特征的必要性与日俱增。</p> <p>研究目的—研究不同类型自主性反应的学生执行认知任务过程中其动眼神经活动和脑血液动力学的指标</p> <p>材料和方法。罗蒙诺索夫（平均年龄19.0±0.5岁）北方（北极）联邦大学的110名学生参加了这项研究。为了查明不同时间条件下保证认知活动的具体特征，确定了受试者自主神经系统的反应类型：记录不同时间条件下解决认知问题过程中的眼球运动；为了评估脑血液动力学，同时记录了脑血流图；鉴于已查明的个体类型特征，评估了不同时间条件下认知活动的有效性。</p> <p>结果。在不同时间条件下的认知工作过程中，我们选取的各组代表的认知任务执行有效性各不相同。由于动眼神经活动参数和脑血液动力学之间的相互关系较为稳定，在限时条件下,交感神经型自主性反应患者对视觉信息的处理最为有效和快速。对于迷走神经反应型的代表，其动眼神经活动和脑血液动力学之间具有最不稳定的结构，认知活动成功指数最低。</p> <p>结论。在限制完成认知任务时间时，可以查明不同类型的自主性反应年轻人的脑血液动力学和动眼神经活动的普遍和特殊变化，并确定认知活动的不同的有效性。已查明的特征证实，在压力条件下，人的认知能力表现取决于神经系统的类型特性，并可通过动眼神经反应和脑血液动力学参数的特殊变化来标记。在限制时间的条件下，最成功的认知活动是通过较稳定的脑血液动力学参数和动眼神经活动的统计相互作用来保证的，反映在视觉认知活动因子模型的稳定性上，而不受时间限制。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autonomic nervous system</kwd><kwd>stress</kwd><kwd>hemodynamics</kwd><kwd>eye movement</kwd><kwd>saccade</kwd><kwd>cognitive functions</kwd><kwd>thinking process</kwd><kwd>performance efficiency</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вегетативная нервная система</kwd><kwd>стресс</kwd><kwd>гемодинамика</kwd><kwd>движения глаз</kwd><kwd>саккады</kwd><kwd>когнитивные функции</kwd><kwd>мыслительный процесс</kwd><kwd>эффективность деятельности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>自主神经系统</kwd><kwd>压力</kwd><kwd>血液动力学</kwd><kwd>眼动</kwd><kwd>扫视</kwd><kwd>认知功能</kwd><kwd>思维过程</kwd><kwd>运行有效性</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babaeva YD, Rotova NA, Sabadosh PA. 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