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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">632008</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD632008</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Technical Reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Технические отчеты</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>技术说明</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Assessing the probability of metastatic mediastinal lymph node involvement in patients with non small cell lung cancer using convolutional neural networks on chest computed tomography</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка вероятности метастатического поражения лимфатических узлов средостения у пациентов с немелкоклеточным раком лёгкого при использовании свёрточных нейронных сетей для интерпретации данных компьютерной томографии органов грудной клетки</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>使用卷积神经网络评估非小细胞肺癌患者纵隔淋巴结转移可能性的研究</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3085-4325</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevtsov</surname><given-names>Alexey E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевцов</surname><given-names>Алексей Евгеньевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Shevtsov</surname><given-names>Alexey E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>a.shevtsov@ira-labs.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7210-7208</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tominin</surname><given-names>Iaroslav D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Томинин</surname><given-names>Ярослав Дмитриевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Tominin</surname><given-names>Iaroslav D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ya.tominin@ira-labs.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-3452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tominin</surname><given-names>Vladislav D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Томинин</surname><given-names>Владислав Дмитриевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Tominin</surname><given-names>Vladislav D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>v.tominin@ira-labs.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8804-2102</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malevanniy</surname><given-names>Vsevolod M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малеванный</surname><given-names>Всеволод Михайлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Malevanniy</surname><given-names>Vsevolod M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>v.malevanniy@ira-labs.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5933-924X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8424-0756</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Esakov</surname><given-names>Yury S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есаков</surname><given-names>Юрий Сергеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Esakov</surname><given-names>Yury</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>lungsurgery@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4550-6107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tukvadze</surname><given-names>Zurab G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туквадзе</surname><given-names>Зураб Георгиевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Tukvadze</surname><given-names>Zurab G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>tukvadze.z.med@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6228-182X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2365-9458</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nefedov</surname><given-names>Andrey O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нефедов</surname><given-names>Андрей Олегович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Nefedov</surname><given-names>Andrey O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>herurg78@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4385-9643</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3433-2624</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yablonskii</surname><given-names>Piotr K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яблонский</surname><given-names>Петр Казимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Yablonskii</surname><given-names>Piotr K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>glhirurgb2@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3251-4084</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7824-5374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilov</surname><given-names>Pavel V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилов</surname><given-names>Павел Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Gavrilov</surname><given-names>Pavel V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><email>spbniifrentgen@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3211-5139</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8045-4286</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Vadim V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>Вадим Викторович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Vadim V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ассистент кафедры онкологии, заведующий отделением торакальной онкологии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>vadimkozlov80@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9008-9485</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Blokhina</surname><given-names>Mariya E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блохина</surname><given-names>Мария Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Blokhina</surname><given-names>Mariya E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>mariya.blokhina@astrazeneca.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5412-9643</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nalivkina</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наливкина</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Nalivkina</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>elena.nalivkina@astrazeneca.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1816-1315</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6810-3279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gombolevskiy</surname><given-names>Victor A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гомболевский</surname><given-names>Виктор Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Gombolevskiy</surname><given-names>Victor A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><email>gombolevskii@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5283-5961</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4458-5608</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilev</surname><given-names>Yuriy A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>Юрий Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Vasilev</surname><given-names>Yuriy A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>VasilevYA1@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5586-8015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dugova</surname><given-names>Mariya N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дугова</surname><given-names>Мария Николаевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Dugova</surname><given-names>Mariya N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>m.dugova@ira-labs.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0302-293X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8896-8051</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernina</surname><given-names>Valeria Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернина</surname><given-names>Валерия Юрьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Chernina</surname><given-names>Valeria Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>v.chernina@ira-labs.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0245-4431</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8948-6152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Omelyanskaya</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омелянская</surname><given-names>Ольга Васильевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Omelyanskaya</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>OmelyanskayaOV@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9661-0254</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8592-0558</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetnikov</surname><given-names>Roman V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетников</surname><given-names>Роман Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Reshetnikov</surname><given-names>Roman V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Physics and Mathematics)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. физ.-мат. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Physics and Mathematics)</p></bio><email>reshetnikov@fbb.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2681-9378</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3306-1387</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Blokhin</surname><given-names>Ivan A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блохин</surname><given-names>Иван Андреевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Blokhin</surname><given-names>Ivan A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>BlokhinIA@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9906-6453</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2406-1772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyaev</surname><given-names>Mikhail G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляев</surname><given-names>Михаил Геннадьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Belyaev</surname><given-names>Mikhail G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Physics and Mathematics)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. физ.-мат. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Physics and Mathematics)</p></bio><email>belyaevmichel@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">IRA Labs</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">АЙРА Лабс</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">IRA Labs</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow City Clinical Oncological Hospital № 1</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская клиническая онкологическая больница № 1</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Moscow City Clinical Oncological Hospital № 1</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт фтизиопульмонологии</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Saint-Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LLC</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">АстраЗенека Фармасьютикалз</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LLC</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Artificial Intelligence Research Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт искусственного интеллекта</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Artificial Intelligence Research Institute</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-практический клинический центр диагностики и телемедицинских технологий</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-12-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>765</fpage><lpage>783</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-05-15"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-09-25"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/632008">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/632008</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND: </italic></bold>Lung cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide, accounting for approximately 20% of all cancer related deaths and having a &lt;10% 5 year survival rate for very late stage cases. For the prevalent non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), recent guidelines advise staging based on the 8<sup>th</sup> edition of the TNM classification, highlighting the importance of mediastinal lymph node involvement. While noninvasive methods are generally accurate, they often lack sensitivity, and invasive methods may not be suitable for all patients. Advances in deep learning present potential in solving such problems. However, most research focuses on algorithm development more than clinical relevance. Moreover, none of them addressed individual lymph node malignancies, limiting comprehensive analysis and interpretability and leaving clinicians without sufficient means to validate the results effectively.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM: </italic></bold>To develop a local data trained and validated algorithm for segmenting each mediastinal lymph node in chest computed tomography (CT) and assessing the probability of its involvement in metastasis.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS: </italic></bold>Initially, IASLC lymph node stations are segmented, providing a bounding box of the mediastinum for further processing. Next, the image is cropped to this box and passed through a second network to identify and mask all visible lymph nodes. Finally, each detected lymph node is extracted, stacked with its mask, and evaluated by a feed-forward network to determine malignancy probabilities.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS: </italic></bold>The pipeline achieved an average recall and object Dice Score of 0.74±0.01 and 0.53±0.26 for the clinically relevant lymph node segmentation task. Further, it recorded a 0.73 ROC AUC for predicting a patient’s N-stage, outperforming traditional size based criteria.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSIONS:</italic></bold> The proposed algorithm enables new research algorithms to optimize the management of patients with nonenlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes, thus improving the quality of medical care for patients with cancer.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Рак лёгкого — второй по распространённости тип рака во всём мире. На данное заболевание приходится приблизительно 20% всех случаев смерти от рака, а пятилетняя выживаемостью на поздних стадиях — менее 10%. Для стадирования немелкоклеточного рака лёгкого, характеризующегося высокой распространённостью, в новейших клинических рекомендациях предлагают использовать классификацию TNM (8-е издание). Это подчёркивает значимость оценки поражения лимфатических узлов средостения. Неинвазивные методы обследования в целом обеспечивают точную оценку, однако часто обладают недостаточной чувствительностью, в то время как инвазивные — могут быть противопоказаны отдельным пациентам. Благодаря совершенствованию технологий глубокого обучения появилась возможность преодолеть эти сложности. Тем не менее в большинстве исследований по данному вопросу основное внимание уделяют разработке алгоритмов, а не клинической значимости результатов. Кроме того, ни в одном из таких исследований не оценивают поражение отдельных лимфатических узлов, что ограничивает возможности комплексного анализа и интерпретацию результатов, а также препятствует их эффективной валидации в клинической практике.</p> <p><bold>Цель —</bold> разработать валидированный алгоритм, обученный на внутренних данных, для сегментации отдельных лимфатических узлов средостения по данным компьютерной томографии органов грудной клетки, а также оценить вероятность их метастатического поражения.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Выполнение сегментации групп лимфатических узлов в соответствии с рекомендациями Международной ассоциации по изучению рака лёгкого, чтобы получить ограничивающий прямоугольник для области средостения с целью последующей обработки данных. Затем изображение кадрируют при использовании этого ограничивающего прямоугольника и обрабатывают с помощью второй сети для выявления всех визуализируемых лимфатических узлов и генерации масок. На заключительном этапе выделяют каждый визуализируемый лимфатический узел, применяют соответствующую маску и оценивают с использованием сети прямого распространения, чтобы определить вероятность метастатического поражения.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>В данной последовательности действий средний отклик и значение Dice Score объекта составили 0,74±0,01 и 0,53±0,26 соответственно для задачи клинически значимой сегментации лимфатических узлов. Кроме того, значение площади под ROC-кривой для прогнозирования степени поражения регионарных лимфатических узлов составило 0,73, что превосходит традиционные критерии, основанные на размере.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Предложенный алгоритм обеспечивает оптимизацию лечения пациентов без увеличения внутригрудных лимфатических узлов за счёт новых алгоритмов исследований, что повышает качество медицинского обслуживания пациентов с онкологическими заболеваниями.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p><bold>背景</bold>。肺癌是全球第二大常见癌症，约占所有癌症死亡病例的 20%。其中晚期肺癌的五年生存率不足 10%。对于高发的 非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC），最新临床指南（TNM分类第8版）强调 纵隔淋巴结受累 的评估在分期中的重要性。非侵入性检查方法： 敏感性不足；侵入性检查方法： 某些患者可能存在禁忌；深度学习技术 的发展为克服上述挑战提供了新途径。然而，现有研究大多集中于 算法开发，忽略了 单个淋巴结受累评估的临床意义，限制了其在临床应用中的综合性和有效性。</p> <p><bold>目的</bold>。开发并验证一个基于内部数据训练的算法，通过 胸部CT图像 分割单个纵隔淋巴结，并评估其转移的可能性。</p> <p><bold>材料与方法</bold>。数据分割与处理：按照国际肺癌研究协会建议，对 淋巴结组 进行分割；获取纵隔区域的限制性矩形框，用于后续数据处理。深度学习技术应用：使用第一个神经网络对图像裁剪；使用第二个神经网络识别所有可视淋巴结并生成掩膜；在最后阶段，分离每个可视淋巴结，应用掩膜并利用前馈网络评估其转移的可能性。</p> <p><bold>结果。</bold>分割任务性能：平均响应值为 0.74±0.01；Dice Score 为 0.53±0.26。预测淋巴结转移性能：ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为 0.73；该结果优于基于传统 大小标准 的评估方法。</p> <p><bold>结论。</bold>所提出的算法通过深度学习技术实现了对纵隔淋巴结转移可能性的自动评估，在无显著肿大的淋巴结患者中优化了治疗方案。该方法提升了 肿瘤患者医疗服务的质量，并为淋巴结评估提供了一种有效的非侵入性选择。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lung cancer</kwd><kwd>lymph nodes</kwd><kwd>medical imaging</kwd><kwd>deep learning</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак лёгкого</kwd><kwd>лимфатические узлы</kwd><kwd>медицинская визуализация</kwd><kwd>глубокое обучение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>肺癌</kwd><kwd>淋巴结</kwd><kwd>医学影像</kwd><kwd>深度学习</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thandra KCh, Barsouk A, Saginala K, et al. 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