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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">633500</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD633500</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Systematic reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Систематические обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>系统评价</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Category PI-RADS 3: the role of texture analysis in prostate cancer risk stratification (a systematic review)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Категория PI-RADS 3: возможности текстурного анализа в стратификации риска рака предстательной железы (систематический обзор)</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>PI-RADS 3 类别：纹理分析在前列腺癌风险分层中的应用 （系统性综述）</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4193-7413</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9110-9827</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyan</surname><given-names>Alexandra S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тян</surname><given-names>Александра Сергеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Tyan</surname><given-names>Alexandra S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>tyan_a_s@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9357-0998</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5964-2369</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kаrmаzаnovsky</surname><given-names>Grigory G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кармазановский</surname><given-names>Григорий Григорьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kаrmаzаnovsky</surname><given-names>Grigory G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><email>karmazanovsky@ixv.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8723-8916</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9921-1430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karelskaya</surname><given-names>Natalia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карельская</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Karelskaya</surname><given-names>Natalia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>karelskaya.n@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7070-3391</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2702-6526</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratyev</surname><given-names>Evgeny V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьев</surname><given-names>Евгений Валерьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kondratyev</surname><given-names>Evgeny V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>kondratev@ixv.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5160-925X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2128-7536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gritskevich</surname><given-names>Alexander А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грицкевич</surname><given-names>Александр Анатольевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Gritskevich</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>grekaa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6247-9481</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5563-5376</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Валерьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>dmitry.v.kalinin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9944-0473</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalev</surname><given-names>Alexander D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалев</surname><given-names>Александр Дмитриевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kovalev</surname><given-names>Alexander D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>aledmikov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3747-7411</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baeva</surname><given-names>Anastasiya I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баева</surname><given-names>Анастасия Игоревна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Baeva</surname><given-names>Anastasiya I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nastya.baeva.2016@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр хирургии имени А.В. Вишневского</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-02-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-06-22"><day>22</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-07-18"><day>18</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/633500">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/633500</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold><italic>: </italic>Prostate changes classified as PI-RADS 3 are a clinical situation requiring diagnostic accuracy and minimization of invasive procedures. Exploring the potential value of texture analysis in magnetic resonance imaging for prostate cancer risk stratification is critical in modern medical diagnostics.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold><italic>: </italic>To systematize and analyze current data on the application of texture analysis for prostate cancer risk stratification in patients with PI-RADS 3 and evaluate its diagnostic significance in differentiating clinically significant from clinically insignificant prostate cancer.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS</bold><italic>: </italic>Articles published in the last 7 years were selected and analyzed from research reference and analytical databases (Medline and Scopus) using search engines (PubMed, Google Scholar, and eLibrary). Keywords related to texture analysis and radiomics regarding prostate cancer diagnosis and risk stratification were used.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold><italic>: </italic>Analysis of the selected publications showed that machine learning and texture analysis significantly enhance the diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer. These methods allow for more accurate risk stratification and determination of the actual need for biopsy, potentially leading to a reduction in unnecessary invasive procedures.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION</bold><italic>: </italic>Texture analysis potentially enhances diagnostic accuracy in cases of prostate gland changes classified as PI-RADS 3. However, further research focused on standardizing techniques and conducting multicenter clinical trials is required for its widespread clinical application.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. Изменения предстательной железы категории PI RADS 3 — клиническая ситуация, требующая повышения точности диагностики и минимизации применения инвазивных методов. Изучение потенциальной ценности текстурного анализа изображений магнитно-резонансной томографии в стратификации риска рака предстательной железы является актуальной задачей современной медицинской диагностики.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> — систематизация и анализ современных данных о применении текстурного анализа для стратификации риска рака предстательной железы у пациентов с категорией PI-RADS 3, а также оценка его диагностической значимости в дифференциации клинически значимого и клинически незначимого рака предстательной железы.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Отобраны и проанализированы статьи, опубликованные за последние 7 лет, найденные в базах данных реферативной и аналитической информации о научных исследованиях (Medline, Scopus) с использованием поисковых систем (PubMed, Google Scholar, eLibrary). Применяли ключевые слова, связанные с текстурным анализом и радиомикой в контексте диагностики и стратификации риска рака предстательной железы.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Анализ отобранных публикаций показал, что применение машинного обучения и текстурного анализа значительно повышает точность диагностики рака предстательной железы. Эти методы позволяют более точно стратифицировать риски и определять реальную потребность в биопсии при раке предстательной железы, что потенциально ведёт к снижению количества ненужных инвазивных процедур.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Текстурный анализ обладает возможностями для улучшения диагностической точности в случае изменений предстательной железы категории PI-RADS 3. Однако для его широкого клинического применения необходимо провести дополнительные исследования, направленные на стандартизацию методик, и мультицентровые клинические испытания.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p><bold>论证</bold>。前列腺PI-RADS 3类变化是临床上需要提高诊断精度并最小化侵入性方法应用的情况。研究磁共振成像纹理分析在前列腺癌风险分层中的潜在价值，已成为当前医学诊断中的重要课题。</p> <p><bold>目的</bold>。系统整理和分析关于纹理分析在PI-RADS 3 类别前列腺癌风险分层中的应用的最新数据，评估其在区分临床显著性和临床不显著性前列腺癌中的诊断意义。</p> <p>材料与方法。选取并分析了过去7年内在科学研究文献数据库（如Medline、Scopus）中找到的文章，通过搜索引擎（PubMed、Google Scholar、eLibrary）查找相关文献。使用与纹理分析和放射组学相关的关键词，研究前列腺癌风险分层和诊断中的应用。</p> <p><bold>结果</bold>。对选定文献的分析表明，机器学习和纹理分析的应用显著提高了前列腺癌的诊断精度。这些方法可以更准确地进行风险分层，判断前列腺癌患者是否需要进行活检，从而有潜力减少不必要的侵入性检查。</p> <p><bold>结论</bold>。纹理分析在PI-RADS 3类前列腺变化的诊断精度提高方面具有潜力。然而，为了广泛应用于临床，仍需进一步研究以标准化方法，并开展多中心临床试验。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>PI-RADS 3</kwd><kwd>texture analysis</kwd><kwd>radiomics</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>clinically significant prostate cancer</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>PI-RADS 3</kwd><kwd>текстурный анализ</kwd><kwd>радиомика</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>клинически значимый рак предстательной железы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>前列腺癌</kwd><kwd>PI-RADS 3</kwd><kwd>纹理分析</kwd><kwd>放射组学</kwd><kwd>磁共振成像</kwd><kwd>临床显著性前列腺癌</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Westphalen AC, McCulloch CE, Anaokar JM, et al. 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