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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">641703</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD641703</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>原创性科研成果</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Autonomous artificial intelligence for sorting results of preventive radiological examinations of chest organs: medical and economic efficiency</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Автономный искусственный интеллект для сортировки результатов профилактических рентгенологических исследований органов грудной клетки: медицинская и экономическая эффективность</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>基于人工智能的自主排序模型在胸部常规影像学检查结果中的应用：医学和经济效益</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5283-5961</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4458-5608</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilev</surname><given-names>Yuriy A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>Юрий Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Vasilev</surname><given-names>Yuriy A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>npcmr@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-3680</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4525-7556</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Алексеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><email>dimasychev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3198-1334</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6122-5786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazhin</surname><given-names>Alexander V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бажин</surname><given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Bazhin</surname><given-names>Alexander V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>BazhinAV@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7613-5273</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5266-0618</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shulkin</surname><given-names>Igor M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шулькин</surname><given-names>Игорь Михайлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Shulkin</surname><given-names>Igor M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>ShulkinIM@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2990-7736</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3602-7120</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vladzymyrskyy</surname><given-names>Anton V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Владзимирский</surname><given-names>Антон Вячеславович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Vladzymyrskyy</surname><given-names>Anton V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>vladzimirskijAV@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5020-2765</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golikova</surname><given-names>Alexandra Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голикова</surname><given-names>Александра Юрьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Golikova</surname><given-names>Alexandra Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>GolikovaAY1@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7786-0349</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3160-8062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arzamasov</surname><given-names>Kirill M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арзамасов</surname><given-names>Кирилл Михайлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Arzamasov</surname><given-names>Kirill M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>ArzamasovKM@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7921-3487</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8825-4704</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mishchenko</surname><given-names>Andrei V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мищенко</surname><given-names>Андрей Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Mishchenko</surname><given-names>Andrei V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>dr.mishchenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7150-7166</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4579-9457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekdzhanyan</surname><given-names>Gevorg A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекджанян</surname><given-names>Геворг Анушаванович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Bekdzhanyan</surname><given-names>Gevorg A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>rmapo@rmapo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2787-4731</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8854-0469</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goldberg</surname><given-names>Arcadiy S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гольдберг</surname><given-names>Аркадий Станиславович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Goldberg</surname><given-names>Arcadiy S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>goldarcadiy@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9862-8205</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionova</surname><given-names>Larisa G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионова</surname><given-names>Лариса  Григорьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Rodionova</surname><given-names>Larisa G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>RodionovaLG@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-практический клинический центр диагностики и телемедицинских технологий</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-03-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-08"><day>08</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-02-24"><day>24</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/641703">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/641703</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold><italic>: </italic>This article proposes a model for organizing preventive radiological examinations of chest organs through autonomous sorting of examination results using medical devices based on artificial intelligence technologies, optimized for maximum sensitivity — 1.0 (95% CI: 1.0; 1.0). Sorting involves classifying the results of mass preventive screenings (fluoroscopy and chest X-rays) into two: “not normal” and “normal.” The “not normal” category includes all cases of abnormalities (e.g., pathological conditions, post-disease or post-surgery consequences, and age-related and congenital features), which are sent for interpretation by a radiologist. The “normal” category consists of cases without signs of pathological deviations, which potentially do not require a radiologist’s description.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold><italic>: </italic>To evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness, and efficiency of autonomous sorting of results from preventive radiological examinations of chest organs.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS</bold><italic>: </italic>A prospective multicenter diagnostic study was conducted on the safety and quality of autonomous sorting of results from preventive radiological examinations of chest organs. Analytical and statistical methods of scientific inquiry were used.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold><italic>: </italic>The study included results from 575,549 preventive radiological examinations obtained through fluoroscopy and chest X-rays and processed using three medical devices based on artificial intelligence technologies. In autonomous sorting, 54.8% of the preventive radiological examinations of chest organs were classified as “normal,” resulting in a proportional reduction in the radiologist’s workload for interpreting and describing the examination results. Fully correct autonomous sorting was achieved in 99.95% of cases. Clinically significant discrepancies were determined in 0.05% of cases (95% CI: 0.04; 0.06%).</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS</bold><italic>: </italic>This study confirmed the medical and economic effectiveness of the model for autonomous sorting of results from preventive radiological examinations of chest organs using medical devices based on artificial intelligence technologies. The next phase should involve updating the regulatory framework and ensuring the legitimacy of the autonomous application of certain medical devices based on artificial intelligence technologies in established conditions and preventive tasks.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. В статье предложена модель организации профилактических лучевых исследований органов грудной клетки посредством автономной сортировки результатов исследований медицинскими изделиями на основе технологий искусственного интеллекта с настройкой на максимальную чувствительность — 1,0 (95% доверительный интервал 1,0–1,0). Сортировка подразумевает разделение результатов массовых профилактических исследований (флюорографии и рентгенографии органов грудной клетки) на две категории: «не норма» и «норма». К первой относят все случаи любых отклонений (патологические состояния, последствия перенесённых заболеваний и операций, возрастные и врождённые особенности и т. д.), которые направляют на описание врачу-рентгенологу. Ко второй — случаи без признаков патологических отклонений, которые потенциально не требуют описания врачом-рентгенологом.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> — оценить результативность и эффективность автономной сортировки результатов профилактических лучевых исследований органов грудной клетки.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Выполнено проспективное многоцентровое диагностическое исследование безопасности и качества автономной сортировки результатов профилактических лучевых исследований органов грудной клетки. Использованы аналитические и статистические методы научного познания.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Включены результаты 575 549 профилактических лучевых исследований, полученные при флюорографии и рентгенографии и обработанные с применением трёх медицинских изделий на основе технологий искусственного интеллекта. При автономной сортировке к категории «норма» отнесены 54,8% результатов профилактических лучевых исследований органов грудной клетки, при этом в пропорциональном объёме происходит экономия труда врача-рентгенолога при их интерпретации и описании. Полностью корректная автономная сортировка осуществлена в 99,95% случаев. Клинически значимые расхождения зафиксированы в 0,05% случаев (95% доверительный интервал 0,04–0,06).</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Доказана медицинская и экономическая эффективность модели автономной сортировки результатов профилактических лучевых исследований органов грудной клетки с применением медицинских изделий на основе технологий искусственного интеллекта. Следующий шаг должен заключаться в актуализации нормативно-правового обеспечения и легитимности автономного применения определённых видов медицинских изделий на основе технологий искусственного интеллекта в установленных условиях и задачах профилактики.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p><bold>论证</bold>。本文提出了一种基于人工智能技术的医疗设备模型，用于组织胸部常规影像学检查的预防性结果，通过设置最大灵敏度为1.0（95%置信区间1.0；1.0）来进行自主排序。该分类将大规模预防性检查（胸部透视和胸部X线摄影）结果分为两类：“非正常”和“正常”。 “非正常”类包括所有任何偏差（病理状态、疾病和手术后遗症、年龄和先天性特点等），这些需要提交给放射科医生进行描述。“正常”类则包括没有病理偏差的结果，可能无需放射科医生进一步描述。</p> <p><bold>目的</bold>。评估基于人工智能技术的自主排序模型在胸部常规影像学检查中的可行性、效果和效率。</p> <p><bold>方法</bold>。进行了前瞻性的多中心诊断研究，评估基于人工智能技术的医疗设备在胸部常规影像学检查中的安全性和质量，采用了分析和统计学研究方法。</p> <p>结果。本研究纳入了575,549份预防性放射学检查结果，包括胸部透视和胸部X线摄影，并通过3款基于人工智能技术的医疗设备进行处理。在自主排序结果中，54.8%的检查结果被归类为“正常”，从而节省了放射科医生在解读和描述研究结果上的劳动量。自主排序的完全正确率为99.95%。临床上显著的偏差出现在0.05%的案例中（95%置信区间：0.04%；0.06%）。</p> <p><bold>结论</bold>。本研究证明了基于人工智能技术的医疗设备在胸部常规影像学检查中的医学和经济效益。下一步应针对相关法规的更新以及在预防医学任务中合法应用人工智能技术医疗设备的使用进行改进。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>autonomous artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>medical prevention</kwd><kwd>fluoroscopy</kwd><kwd>chest X-rays</kwd><kwd>screening</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>автономный искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>медицинская профилактика</kwd><kwd>флюорография</kwd><kwd>рентгенография</kwd><kwd>диспансеризация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>人工智能</kwd><kwd>自主人工智能</kwd><kwd>医疗预防</kwd><kwd>胸部透视</kwd><kwd>胸部X线摄影</kwd><kwd>健康管理</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of Moscow</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство Москвы</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="zh">Government of Moscow</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>869-ПП</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Boenk EA, Roginko NI, Dzeranova NG, et al. 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