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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">656073</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD656073</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">TNETWF</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>科学评论</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Texture analysis and radiomics in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: a review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Текстурный анализ и радиомика в диагностике рассеянного склероза: обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>纹理分析与放射组学在多发性硬化诊断中的应用：综述</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4628-3069</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8988-6959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khvastochenko</surname><given-names>Gleb I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хвасточенко</surname><given-names>Глеб Игоревич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Khvastochenko</surname><given-names>Gleb I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>hvastochenko.g.i@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1645-6526</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6299-3604</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bryukhov</surname><given-names>Vasiliy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брюхов</surname><given-names>Василий Валерьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Bryukhov</surname><given-names>Vasiliy V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>abdomen@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-4554</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9663-8828</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krotenkova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кротенкова</surname><given-names>Марина Викторовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Krotenkova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>krotenkova_mrt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Center of Neurology and Neurosciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский центр неврологии и нейронаук</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Russian Center of Neurology and Neurosciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-11-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>618</fpage><lpage>629</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-18"><day>18</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-10"><day>10</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/656073">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/656073</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The clinical signs of multifocal brain lesions, including multiple sclerosis, are highly variable and largely depend on lesion site and size. Differential diagnosis of such changes may be challenging in certain cases. Vascular, inflammatory, infectious, and hereditary diseases may demonstrate similar magnetic resonance imaging patterns, whereas their assessment is limited by technical factors and human visual perception. In recent years, novel approaches such as texture analysis and radiomics have been increasingly integrated into radiological research, facilitating the acquisition of imaging details that would otherwise remain undetectable by the naked eye. These methods include first-order statistical analysis of signal intensities, gray-level co-occurrence and gray-level run-length matrices, fractal and wavelet analyses, and the development of predictive models using machine learning algorithms. Radiomics was initially developed for oncologic imaging; however, now its capabilities are also applied in the diagnosis of other conditions.</p> <p>This article presents a review of the current scientific data on the use of texture analysis and radiomics in the differential diagnosis of demyelinating diseases, with a particular focus on multiple sclerosis. Data search was conducted in PubMed and eLibrary using the keywords “radiomics,” “digital image texture analysis,” “multiple sclerosis,” “радиомика” (radiomics), “текстурный анализ” (texture analysis), and “рассеянный склероз” (multiple sclerosis). The search period covered the last 9 years. Only original studies (<italic>n</italic> = 17) investigating the use of radiomics and digital image texture analysis in the diagnosis of demyelinating diseases were included in this review.</p> <p>Texture analysis and radiomics represent promising adjunctive tools for the evaluation of multifocal brain lesions in demyelinating diseases. However, their implementation in clinical practice requires the development of optimized feature extraction algorithms, identification of the most informative texture parameters, and standardization and validation of the resulting imaging biomarkers.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Клинические проявления многоочаговых изменений головного мозга, включая рассеянный склероз, могут быть разнообразными и во многом зависят от локализации и размера очагов. Дифференциальная диагностика таких изменений в некоторых случаях представляет сложную задачу. Сосудистые, воспалительные, инфекционные и наследственные заболевания могут иметь сходные признаки магнитно-резонансной томографии, а их оценка ограничена как техническими аспектами, так и возможностями человеческого восприятия. В последние годы в радиологических исследованиях появились новые методики текстурного анализа и радиомики, которые позволяют выявлять информацию, недоступную для глаз рентгенологов. Эти подходы включают первичную статистическую оценку интенсивностей, использование матриц совпадения уровней серого и длины пробега уровня серого, фрактальный и вейвлет-анализ, а также построение прогностических моделей с применением алгоритмов машинного обучения. Изначально радиомику разработали для онкологической визуализации, однако в настоящее время её возможности используют и при диагностике других патологий.</p> <p>В данной статье представлен обзор современной литературы, посвящённой использованию текстурного анализа и радиомики в контексте дифференциальной диагностики демиелинизирующих заболеваний, в частности рассеянного склероза. Поиск осуществляли в поисковых системах PubMed и eLibrary с использованием ключевых слов: «radiomics», «digital image texture analysis», «multiple sclerosis», «радиомика», «текстурный анализ», «рассеянный склероз». Глубина поиска составила 9 лет. В настоящий обзор включены только оригинальные исследования (<italic>n</italic> = 17), посвящённые применению радиомики и текстурного анализа цифровых изображений в диагностике демиелинизирующих заболеваний.</p> <p>Текстурный анализ и радиомика являются многообещающими методами дополнительной оценки многоочаговых изменений головного мозга при демиелинизирующих заболеваниях. Однако для внедрения в клиническую практику необходимо создать оптимальный алгоритм вычисления текстурных показателей, определить наиболее информативные из них, а также стандартизировать и валидировать получаемые биомаркёры.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>脑部多灶性病变，包括多发性硬化，的临床表现具有多样性，并在很大程度上取决于病灶的部位和大小。在某些情况下，此类病变的鉴别诊断仍然是一项复杂的任务。血管性、炎症性、感染性及遗传性疾病在磁共振成像上可能呈现相似的影像学表现，而其评估既受到技术条件的限制，也受限于人类视觉感知能力。近年来，影像学研究中引入了纹理分析和放射组学等新方法，使得能够从医学图像中揭示超出放射科医师视觉评估能力的信息。这些方法包括信号强度的一阶统计分析、灰度共生矩阵和灰度游程矩阵分析、分形分析与小波分析，以及结合机器学习算法构建预测模型。放射组学最初用于肿瘤影像学研究，但目前其应用已扩展至其他疾病的诊断领域。</p> <p>本文综述了近年来有关纹理分析和放射组学在脱髓鞘性疾病，尤其是多发性硬化鉴别诊断中的研究进展。文献检索在PubMed和eLibrary数据库中进行，检索关键词包括：radiomics （放射组学）、digital image texture analysis（数字影像纹理分析）、multiple sclerosis（多发性硬化）、радиомика（放射组学）、текстурный анализ（纹理分析）、рассеянный склероз（多发性硬化）。检索时间跨度为9年。本综述仅纳入原创性研究（n = 17），这些研究均涉及放射组学和数字图像纹理分析在脱髓鞘性疾病诊断中的应用。</p> <p>纹理分析和放射组学是评估脱髓鞘性疾病中脑部多灶性病变的有前景的辅助方法。然而，在其应用于临床实践之前，仍需建立最优的纹理特征计算算法，确定最具信息价值的参数，并对获得的影像生物标志物进行标准化和验证。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>texture analysis</kwd><kwd>radiomics</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis</kwd><kwd>review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>текстурный анализ</kwd><kwd>радиомика</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная диагностика</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>纹理分析</kwd><kwd>放射组学</kwd><kwd>磁共振成像</kwd><kwd>多发性硬化</kwd><kwd>鉴别诊断</kwd><kwd>综述</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bryukhov VV, Kulikova SN, Korotenkova MV. 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