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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">691113</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD691113</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">RUTROV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>科学评论</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Digital technologies and artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of cardiovascular complications in pregnancy: a review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цифровые технологии и искусственный интеллект в диагностике кардиологических осложнений беременности: обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>数字技术与人工智能在妊娠期心血管并发症诊断中的应用：综述</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6407-3880</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3203-5314</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Trusov</surname><given-names>Yurii A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трусов</surname><given-names>Юрий Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Trusov</surname><given-names>Yurii A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>yu.a.trusov@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7173-9072</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamsueva</surname><given-names>Khadizhat T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамсуева</surname><given-names>Хадижат Тамерлановна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Shamsueva</surname><given-names>Khadizhat T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shamsuevakh1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1301-8795</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolkhidova</surname><given-names>Marianna Z.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колхидова</surname><given-names>Марианна Зурабовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kolkhidova</surname><given-names>Marianna Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mari_kolxi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8620-4790</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Inderbieva</surname><given-names>Albina T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Индербиева</surname><given-names>Альбина Тимуровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Inderbieva</surname><given-names>Albina T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dr.inderbieva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6066-9354</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baryshnikova</surname><given-names>Elizaveta D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барышникова</surname><given-names>Елизавета Дмитриевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Baryshnikova</surname><given-names>Elizaveta D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mazhirinal2013@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7935-9477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khusnutdinova</surname><given-names>Kamilya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хуснутдинова</surname><given-names>Камиля Айдаровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Khusnutdinova</surname><given-names>Kamilya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Khusnutdinova.k@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3382-1493</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rasponomareva</surname><given-names>Aleksandra E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Распономарёва</surname><given-names>Александра Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Rasponomareva</surname><given-names>Aleksandra E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>aleksandrarasp@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5687-7098</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabazgerieva</surname><given-names>Alina R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабазгериева</surname><given-names>Алина Руслановна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Shabazgerieva</surname><given-names>Alina R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alyashabazgerieva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3169-951X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Radzhabov</surname><given-names>Khadzhimurad K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раджабов</surname><given-names>Хаджимурад Курбанович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Radzhabov</surname><given-names>Khadzhimurad K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>khadzhimurad.radzhabov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1058-9226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sanakoev</surname><given-names>Stanislav A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Санакоев</surname><given-names>Станислав Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sanakoev</surname><given-names>Stanislav A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>stas.sanakoev-2018@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6371-6112</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudzieva</surname><given-names>Valeria Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудзиева</surname><given-names>Валерия Хасановна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kudzieva</surname><given-names>Valeria Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kudzievavaleria@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3936-7982</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>Alina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарёва</surname><given-names>Алина Владимировна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>Alina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alipon4@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1517-0539</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozyreva</surname><given-names>Natalia K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козырева</surname><given-names>Наталья Константиновна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kozyreva</surname><given-names>Natalia K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Nata05042004@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Samara State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Самарский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Samara State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Ossetian State Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Cеверо-Осетинская государственная медицинская академия</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">North-Ossetian State Medical Academy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov (Pirogov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова (Пироговский Университет)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov (Pirogov University)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Penza State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пензенский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Penza State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rostov State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Rostov State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kuban State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кубанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Kuban State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-12-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>603</fpage><lpage>617</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-23"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-10-22"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/691113">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/691113</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy remain a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The development of digital technologies and artificial intelligence offers new opportunities to improve risk stratification, early diagnosis, and monitoring of cardiovascular complications in pregnant women. Although effective, conventional diagnostic approaches, including electrocardiography, echocardiography, and biochemical markers are often limited by sensitivity, reproducibility, and feasibility for immediate use during pregnancy. Artificial intelligence models integrating multimodal data—clinical history, imaging, laboratory values, and wearable data—demonstrate the potential to detect subclinical changes that may remain unrecognized using standard diagnostic approaches. Emerging evidence supports the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in detecting arrhythmias, diagnosing peripartum cardiomyopathy, assessing valvular heart disease, and predicting cardiovascular risk and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including preeclampsia. Neural network–based models have shown advantages over traditional statistical methods, achieving high predictive accuracy (with areas under the ROC curve &gt; 0.90 in some studies). Furthermore, the use of artificial intelligence in the interpretation of medical imaging and phonocardiographic recordings may reduce inter-observer variability and enhance diagnostic efficiency. Despite these promising findings, significant challenges remain, including data quality, algorithmic bias, ethical considerations, regulatory constraints, and limited clinical validation in pregnant populations. Responsible integration of artificial intelligence into obstetric and cardiovascular practice requires interdisciplinary collaboration, rigorous validation, and transparent control.</p> <p>In summary, artificial intelligence technologies possess a transformative potential for optimizing the management of pregnant women with cardiovascular disease and may contribute to reducing maternal morbidity and mortality, provided that ethical and organizational barriers are adequately addressed.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Сердечно-сосудистая патология во время беременности остаётся одной из ведущих причин материнской заболеваемости и смертности во всём мире. Развитие цифровых технологий и искусственного интеллекта открывает новые возможности для совершенствования стратификации риска, ранней диагностики и мониторинга сердечнососудистых осложнений у беременных. Традиционные методы, включая электрокардиографию, эхокардиографию и биохимические маркёры, хотя и эффективны, часто ограничены чувствительностью, воспроизводимостью и возможностью своевременного применения в условиях беременности. Модели искусственного интеллекта, интегрирующие мультимодальные данные — клинический анамнез, визуализацию, лабораторные показатели и результаты носимых устройств — демонстрируют потенциал выявления субклинических изменений, которые могут оставаться незамеченными при стандартном подходе. Появляющиеся данные подтверждают эффективность искусственного интеллекта в прогнозировании риска сердечно-сосудистых осложнений, выявлении аритмий, диагностике перипартальной кардиомиопатии, оценке клапанных пороков, а также прогнозировании гипертензивных расстройств беременности, включая преэклампсию. Нейронные сети показали преимущество по сравнению с традиционными статистическими моделями, достигая высокой прогностической точности (площадь под ROC-кривой &gt; 0,90 в отдельных исследованиях). Кроме того, использование искусственного интеллекта при интерпретации изображений и фонокардиограмм может снизить межнаблюдательную вариабельность и повысить эффективность диагностического процесса. Несмотря на обнадёживающие результаты, остаются нерешёнными проблемы качества данных, предвзятости, этических аспектов и нормативного регулирования, а также ограниченная клиническая валидация у беременных. Ответственная интеграция искусственного интеллекта в акушерско-кардиологическую практику требует междисциплинарного сотрудничества, строгой проверки и прозрачного управления.</p> <p>Таким образом, технологии искусственного интеллекта обладают трансформационным потенциалом для оптимизации ведения беременных с сердечно-сосудистой патологией и может способствовать снижению материнской заболеваемости и смертности при условии преодоления этических и организационных барьеров.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>妊娠期心血管疾病仍然是全球范围内孕产妇发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一。数字技术与人工智能的发展为妊娠期心血管并发症的风险分层、早期诊断及监测提供了新的可能性。尽管心电图、超声心动图及生物化学标志物等传统方法具有一定的有效性，但在妊娠条件下，其敏感性、可重复性及及时应用能力仍受到限制。人工智能模型通过整合多模态数据——包括临床病史、影像学资料、实验室指标及可穿戴设备数据——显示出识别亚临床心血管改变的潜力，而这些改变在常规诊断中可能被忽视。现有研究表明，人工智能在心血管并发症风险预测、心律失常识别、围产期心肌病诊断、瓣膜性心脏病评估以及妊娠期高血压疾病，包括子痫前期，的预测方面具有应用前景。神经网络模型在多项研究中显示出优于传统统计模型的预测性能，在部分研究中其预测准确性达到较高水平（ROC曲线下面积AUC&gt; 0.90）。此外，人工智能在医学影像及心音图解读中的应用，有助于降低观察者间差异并提高诊断效率。尽管研究结果令人鼓舞，但人工智能在该领域的临床应用仍面临若干问题，包括数据质量与代表性不足、算法偏倚、伦理与监管问题，以及在孕妇人群中临床验证证据有限等。人工智能在产科—心脏病学实践中的应用，需要多学科协作、严格验证及透明的治理体系。</p> <p>综上所述，人工智能技术在优化妊娠期合并心血管疾病孕妇的管理方面具有重要潜力，在克服伦理和组织层面障碍的前提下，可能有助于降低孕产妇发病率和死亡率。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>risk stratification</kwd><kwd>peripartum cardiomyopathy</kwd><kwd>preeclampsia</kwd><kwd>review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания во время беременности</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>стратификация риска</kwd><kwd>перипартальная кардиомиопатия</kwd><kwd>преэклампсия</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>妊娠期心血管疾病</kwd><kwd>人工智能</kwd><kwd>机器学习</kwd><kwd>诊断</kwd><kwd>风险分层</kwd><kwd>围产期心肌病</kwd><kwd>子痫前期</kwd><kwd>综述</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>2018 ESC Guidelines for themanagement of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy. 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