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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">704814</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD704814</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>科学评论</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Radiofrequency Ablation for Thyroid Nodules: A Literature Review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль искусственного интеллекта при радиочастотной абляции узловых образований щитовидной железы: обзор литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8791-6825</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9790-6194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovov</surname><given-names>Vyacheslav Alexandrovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловов</surname><given-names>Вячеслав Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Interventional Diagnostic and Treatment Methods, Samara Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий отделением интервенционных методов диагностики и лечения ГБУЗ «Самарский областной клинический онкологический диспансер»</p></bio><email>samarasdc@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9796-9481</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedulov</surname><given-names>Andrey Andreevich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федулов</surname><given-names>Андрей Андреевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ординатор по специальности «Онкология» института профессионального образования ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</p></bio><email>fedulov-2000@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1774-8494</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7971-3229</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ablekova</surname><given-names>Olga Nikolaevna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аблекова</surname><given-names>Ольга Николаевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Samara Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заведующая отделением ультразвуковых исследований ГБУЗ «Самарский областной клинический онкологический диспансер»</p></bio><email>o.ablekova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Samara Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Самарский областной клинический онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Samara State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-08-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-22"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-06-22"><day>22</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; , Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; , Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; , Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/704814">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/704814</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The prevalence of thyroid nodules is relatively high, affecting up to 68% of the adult population. Although most nodules are benign and do not require treatment, therapy may be needed in some cases when they cause symptoms such as compression, cosmetic concerns, or hyperthyroidism. Minimally invasive techniques, particularly ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA), are gradually assuming an important role in the treatment of carefully selected patients, demonstrating a favorable efficacy and safety profile. Given the high operator dependence of ultrasound (US) and the technical complexity of RFA, growing interest has emerged in the implementation of objective artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools designed to support clinical decision-making at all stages of the procedure. Objective: to assess the potential applications of artificial intelligence in radiofrequency ablation of thyroid nodules. A systematized literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, CNKI, Wanfang, CiNii, KoreaMed, KISS, and DBpia. The review included studies, clinical reports, and technical developments addressing the use of machine learning and computer vision methods in radiofrequency ablation for thyroid nodules. In preoperative diagnostics, artificial intelligence systems, according to meta-analyses, demonstrate high diagnostic performance comparable to that of expert physicians and contribute to reducing the number of unnecessary invasive procedures. Predictive models of radiofrequency ablation efficacy integrating clinical and ultrasound predictors have also been developed. For intraoperative support, novel ultrasound navigation technologies have been proposed. In the post-ablation period, the main challenge remains the accurate assessment of ablation completeness. Algorithmic approaches and automated methods for measuring the ablation zone have been developed; however, clinically validated models for segmentation of post-ablation changes in thyroid nodules remain limited. Conclusion: artificial intelligence technologies demonstrate the highest degree of clinical applicability at the stage of preoperative diagnostics. At the same time, solutions for the intraoperative and postoperative stages require further research, confirmation of their impact on long-term clinical outcomes, and integration into routine clinical practice.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Частота встречаемости узловых образований щитовидной железы относительно высока: до 68 % взрослого населения. Хотя большинство образований являются доброкачественными и не нуждаются в лечении, в некоторых случаях, когда они вызывают симптомы, такие как сдавление, косметические проблемы или гипертиреоз, может потребоваться терапия. Минимально инвазивные методы, прежде всего радиочастотная абляция (РЧА) под ультразвуковым контролем, постепенно занимают важное место в лечении тщательно отобранных пациентов, демонстрируя благоприятный профиль эффективности и безопасности. Ввиду высокой операторозависимости ультразвукового исследования (УЗИ) и технических особенностей выполнения РЧА, возрастает интерес к внедрению объективных инструментов на базе искусственного интеллекта (ИИ), ориентированных на поддержку принятия клинических решений на всех этапах вмешательства.<bold> </bold>Цель исследования: оценить возможности искусственного интеллекта при радиочастотной абляции узловых образований щитовидной железы. Выполнен систематизированный поиск литературы в базах PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, CNKI, Wanfang, CiNii, KoreaMed, KISS, DBpia. В обзор включены исследования, клинические наблюдения и технические разработки, посвящённые применению методов машинного обучения и компьютерного зрения при проведении РЧА узловых образований щитовидной железы. В предоперационной диагностике системы искусственного интеллекта, согласно данным метаанализов, демонстрируют высокую диагностическую эффективность, сопоставимую с врачами-экспертами, и способствуют снижению числа необоснованных инвазивных вмешательств. Разработаны модели прогнозирования эффективности радиочастотной абляции, интегрирующие клинические и ультразвуковые предикторы. Для интраоперационной поддержки предложены новые технологии УЗ-навигации. В постабляционном периоде ключевой проблемой остаётся объективная оценка полноты абляции: созданы алгоритмические подходы и методы автоматизации измерения зоны абляции, однако клинически валидированные модели сегментации постабляционных изменений узлов щитовидной железы представлены недостаточно. Заключение: на сегодняшний день технологии искусственного интеллекта демонстрируют наибольшую степень клинической реализованности на этапе предоперационной диагностики. В то же время решения для интра- и послеоперационного этапов, нуждаются в проведении дальнейших исследований, подтверждении их влияния на отдаленные клинические исходы, а также в интеграции в клиническую практику.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>RFA, radiofrequency ablation, thyroid nodules, artificial intelligence, ultrasonography, machine learning, literature review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>РЧА, радиочастотная абляция, щитовидная железа, искусственный интеллект, ультразвуковая диагностика, машинное обучение, обзор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. 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