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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="editorial" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Digital Diagnostics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Digital Diagnostics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Digital Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2712-8490</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2712-8962</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">96197</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/DD96197</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Editorials</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Редакционные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>社论</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Editorial</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The increasing role of functional visualization modalities for navigation of external beam radiation therapy and brachytherapy in prostate cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Возрастающая роль функциональной визуализации для навигации радиотерапии и брахитерапии на примере рака предстательной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>在前列腺癌病例中，功能成像方法在导航远程放射治疗和近距离放射治疗中的作用越来越大</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7721-634X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">12800559900</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">C-6647-2012</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7085-7976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>Pavel O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>Павел Олегович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>Pavel O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><email>pavelrum@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">SOGAZ International Medical Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Международный медицинский центр «СОГАЗ-Медицина»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">​SOGAZ International Medical Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-01-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>488</fpage><lpage>497</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-01-10"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-01-14"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Rumyantsev P.O.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Румянцев П.О.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2021, Rumyantsev P.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rumyantsev P.O.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Румянцев П.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Rumyantsev P.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/96197">https://jdigitaldiagnostics.com/DD/article/view/96197</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Brachytherapy is successfully used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms in males and females and rare cases in children, as an independent method (with localized prostate cancer) or adjuvant with remote focal radiation therapy (with cancer of the cervix, anal canal, head and neck, breast, etc.).</p> <p>The expansion of diagnostic capabilities (the advent of computer and magnetic resonance imaging) due to three-dimensional imaging has given brachytherapy an important technological advantage over other methods. Many options are available for combining brachytherapy with remote radiation or systemic antitumor therapy in the first line, as well as in a single mode for localized tumor recurrence in a previously irradiated area.</p> <p>Intrastates (hollow tubes) for intra-tissue high-dose brachytherapy are administered during surgery and encapsulated (closed) radioactive micro-sources for low-dose brachytherapy are directly administered (percutaneously).</p> <p>A distinctive feature of brachytherapy is a sharp drop in the dose outside the tumor focus, which minimizes the risk of irradiation of surrounding organs and tissues.</p> <p>The main advantage of brachytherapy in comparison with remote radiotherapy is a higher radiation dose gradient at the tumor border (from all sides). Moreover, clarifying the boundaries of uncertainty when irradiating the target is unnecessary. When the tumor changes during treatment, the sources fixed in the tumor synchronously change their position.</p> <p>In addition to the advantages in efficiency and safety, the total financial costs of brachytherapy are significantly lower than other radiotherapy options.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Брахитерапия успешно применяется в лечении злокачественных новообразований у мужчин и женщин, в редких случаях у детей, как самостоятельный метод (например, при локализованном раке предстательной железы) или адъювантный с дистанционной фокальной лучевой терапией (например, при раке шейки матки, анального канала, головы и шеи, молочной железы и пр.).</p> <p>Расширение диагностических возможностей (появление компьютерной и магнитно-резонансной томографии) благодаря трёхмерной визуализации дало брахитерапии важное технологическое преимущество перед другими методами. Существует множество вариантов сочетания брахитерапии с дистанционной лучевой или системной противоопухолевой терапией в первой линии, а также в монорежиме при локализованном рецидиве опухоли в ранее облучённой зоне.</p> <p>Введение интрастатов (полых трубок) для внутритканевой высокодозной брахитерапии осуществляется во время операции, а инкапсулированных (закрытых) радиоактивных микроисточников для низкодозовой брахитерапии ― напрямую (чрезкожно).</p> <p>Отличительной спецификой брахитерапии является резкое падение дозы за пределами опухолевого очага, что минимизирует риск облучения окружающих органов и тканей.</p> <p>Основным преимуществом брахитерапии в сравнении с дистанционной лучевой терапией является более высокий градиент дозы облучения на границе опухоли (со всех сторон). Более того, нет необходимости уточнения границ неопределённости при облучении мишени: когда опухоль изменяется в процессе лечения, то фиксированные в опухоли источники синхронно меняют своё положение.</p> <p>Помимо преимуществ в эффективности и безопасности, совокупные финансовые затраты при брахитерапии существенно ниже других вариантов лучевой терапии.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>近距离放射治疗已成功用于治疗男性和女性的恶性肿瘤，很少用于儿童，无论是单独治疗（如局限性前列腺癌）还是辅助外照射治疗（如宫颈癌、肛管癌、头颈癌、乳腺癌等）。</p> <p>三维成像带来的诊断能力的扩展（计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像的出现）使近距离放射治疗比其他方法具有重要的技术优势。在第一线，近距离放射治疗与外照射或全身抗癌治疗相结合有许多选择，对于先前照射区域的局部肿瘤复发，也有单一疗法。</p> <p>在手术期间引入用于间质高剂量近距离放射治疗的intrastats（空心管），并直接（经皮）封装（封闭）用于低剂量近距离放射治疗的放射性微源。</p> <p>近距离放射治疗的一个显著特点是肿瘤病灶外的剂量急剧下降，从而将周围器官和组织的辐射风险降至最低。</p> <p>与外束放射治疗相比，近距离放射治疗的主要优点是在肿瘤边缘（从四面八方）有更高的辐射剂量梯度。此外，无需澄清靶向照射过程中的不确定性限制：当肿瘤在治疗过程中发生变化时，固定在肿瘤中的放射源同步改变其位置。</p> <p>除了疗效和安全方面的优势外，近距离治疗的总经济成本也明显低于其他放射治疗方案。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>brachytherapy</kwd><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>malignant neoplasms</kwd><kwd>radiation therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молекулярная визуализация</kwd><kwd>брахитерапия</kwd><kwd>радиотерапия</kwd><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>近距离放射治疗</kwd><kwd>前列腺癌</kwd><kwd>恶性肿瘤</kwd><kwd>放射治疗</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vu CC, Jawad MS, Krauss DJ. 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