Effect of friction-stir processing on the structure microstructure and properties of a low-alloyed Cu–Cr–Zr alloy

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Abstract

The effect of friction stir processing and subsequent aging on the microstructure and physicomechanical properties of the thermally hardened Cu–0.3% Cr–0.5% Zr alloy has been studied. Plastic deformation under friction stir processing leads to the formation of an ultrafinely grained structure with an average grain size of 0.5 μm, the decomposition of a supersaturated solid solution, and the precipitation of disperse particles in the stir zone. It has been shown that aging is accompanied by the additional precipitation of disperse particles and the development of recovery in the zone of processing. The refinement of a granular structure and the precipitation of particles leads to an increase in the strength properties and electrical conductivity in the stir zone. Aging is accompanied by a surplus increase in conductivity without any significant decrease in strength characteristics. The effect of structural evolution under friction stir processing and aging on the Cu–Cr–Zr alloy properties is discussed.

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About the authors

А. I. Bodyakova

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Belgorod State National Research University”

Author for correspondence.
Email: bodyakova-ai@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Belgorod, 308015

E. I. Chistyukhina

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Belgorod State National Research University”

Email: bodyakova-ai@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Belgorod, 308015

M. S. Tkachev

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Belgorod State National Research University”

Email: bodyakova-ai@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Belgorod, 308015

S. S. Malopfeev

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Belgorod State National Research University”

Email: bodyakova-ai@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Belgorod, 308015

R. O. Kaibyshev

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Belgorod State National Research University”

Email: bodyakova-ai@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Belgorod, 308015

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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2. Fig. 1. (a) — the initial structure of the Cu–Cr–Zr alloy after treatment with a supersaturated solid solution; (b) — the thermal cycle of the OTP process; (c) — the scheme of cutting samples for research. Small—angle borders from 2° to 15° are marked with green lines, large—angle borders over 15° with blue lines, and twin S3 borders with red lines (on line). Coordinate system: NO — the direction of processing; PN — the transverse direction; NN — the direction of the normal to the plane of the workpieces being processed.

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3. Fig. 2. Optical metallography of Cu–Cr–Zr alloy after OTP: (a) general view of the processing zone; (b) and (c) mixing zone (ZP); (d) thermomechanical influence zone (TMV) and (e) thermal influence zone (ZTV). In the inserts in Fig. 2b, e are histograms of particle size distribution. Coordinate system: NO — the direction of processing; PN — the transverse direction; NN — the direction of the normal to the plane of the workpieces being processed.

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4. Fig. 3. Microstructure of Cu–Cr–Zr alloy after OTP (a-c) and aging (d–e): distribution of crystallite boundaries in the mixing zone (a, d) and the thermomechanical influence zone (b, e) with histograms of grain size distribution and crystallite misorientation angles, thin the structure in the mixing zone (b, e) with histograms of particle size distribution. Small—angle borders from 2° to 15° are marked with green lines, large—angle borders over 15° with blue lines, and twin S3 borders with red lines (on line). Coordinate system: BUT — processing direction; PN is the transverse direction; NN is the direction of the normal to the plane of the workpieces being processed.

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5. Fig. 4. Hardness (dots) and electrical conductivity (triangles) of the Cu–Cr–Zr alloy after OTP (a) and aging (b). The lines indicate the magnitude of the properties of the Cu–Cr–Zr alloy after quenching or aging. CO is the withdrawal side, CH is the incursion side.

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6. Fig. 5. Stress—elongation curves obtained during testing of Cu–Cr–Zr alloy after OTP (a) and aging (b) for samples containing the base material (solid lines) and samples cut from the mixing zone (dotted lines), with maps of the distribution of the true deformations in the working part of the sample. The points on the curves mark the areas for which the strain distribution maps are presented. CO is the withdrawal side, CH is the incursion side. Coordinate system: NO — the direction of processing; PN — the transverse direction; NN — the direction of the normal to the plane of the workpieces being processed.

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