Assessment of carcinogenic risk caused by the impact of the environmental factors on urban population health

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Abstract

Introduction. The high level of environmental pollution in industrial cities, including carcinogens, causes an unacceptable risk to public health. In this regard, a quantitative risk assessment is required to develop preventive measures to reduce it.

The aim of the study was to assess the carcinogenic risk to the health of the population of an industrialized city, caused by the probable presence of carcinogens in the ambient air, drinking water of the centralized water supply system, and the soil of the residential area.

Material and research methods. The laboratory control of the content of carcinogens in environmental objects of the city of Voronezh for 2017-2020 was used as the reference data. The carcinogenic risk was assessed under the provisions of Guideline R. 2.1.10.1920-04 “Guidelines for assessing the risk to public health when exposed to chemicals that pollute the environment.”

Results. Taking into account the regional peculiarities of the composition of pollutant emissions into the atmospheric air, 1,3-butadiene (source - production of synthetic rubber) should be classified as priority carcinogens requiring systematic monitoring and measures to reduce emissions and, accordingly, concentrations in the surface layer of atmospheric air and chromium6+ compounds (the main source is an aircraft plant), which contribute 69.9-75.7% and 21.7-26.9%, respectively, to the total values ​​of the individual carcinogenic risk, which exceeds the maximum permissible level (1 • 10–4). The carcinogenic risk from exposure to drinking water pollutants (halogenated organic substances) and soil (under the scenario of accidental ingestion by preschool children) is below the maximum permissible risk (1 • 10–4).

Conclusion. It is necessary to pay attention to increasing the sensitivity of the applied laboratory control methods, expanding the list of controlled carcinogenic pollutants, improving the monitoring system of carcinogens, and implementing measures to reduce the carcinogenic risk associated with atmospheric air pollution.

About the authors

Valery N. Rakitskii

Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F.Erisman of the Federal Service for supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing

Author for correspondence.
Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9959-6507
Russian Federation

Yuriy I. Stepkin

Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Voronezh Region of the Federal Service for supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1255-293X
Russian Federation

Oleg V. Klepikov

Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Voronezh Region of the Federal Service for supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing; Voronezh State University; Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies

Email: klepa1967@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9228-620X

MD, Ph.D., DSci., Professor of the Department of Industrial Ecology, Equipment of Chemical and Petrochemical Productions of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, 394036, Russian Federation Voronezh State University, Voronezh, 394038, Russian Federation.

e-mail: klepa1967@rambler.ru

Russian Federation

Semyon A. Kurolap

Voronezh State University

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6169-8014
Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2024 Rakitskii V.N., Stepkin Y.I., Klepikov O.V., Kurolap S.A.


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