Description of New Strains and Features of the Ultra-Fine Structure of Cells of the Purple Sulfur Bacteria Thiorhodospira sibirica

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Abstract

The properties of four strains of the alkaliphilic halotolerant purple sulfur bacterium Thiorhodospira sibirica isolated from steppe soda lakes (mineralization 7–35 g/l, pH 9.0–9.8) located in the Zabaikalsky Krai and the Republic of Buryatia (Russia) and northeastern Mongolia were studied. All the studied strains had morpho-physiological properties characteristic of Trs. sibirica: a unique spectrum of pigment absorption in vivo, having four absorption maxima of bacteriochlorophyll a in the near infrared region and unusually located photosynthetic membranes of the lamellar type. Bacteria of all the studied strains, as well as the type strain A12T (= ATCC 700588T), formed elemental sulfur as an intermediate product of sulfide oxidation, the globules of which had an intracellular localization, and not extracellular as in other Ectothiorhodospiraceae. Using the example of the type strain, the intracellular location of the elemental sulfur globules was shown on ultrathin sections using a specific reaction with silver nitrate. All the studied strains had 93–95% similarity according to the results of DNA–DNA hybridization or 98.55–98.61% similarity of the 16S rRNA gene sequences with Trs. sibirica A12T (= ATCC 700588T), which confirms their belonging to the species Trs. sibirica.

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I. A. Bryantseva

S.N. Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” oof the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: bryantseva@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119071

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2. Fig. 1. Morphology and ultrafine structure of Trs. sibirica strains B8-1 (a), A12ᵀ (b–g), and BG35 (h): a – light microscope, phase contrast; b–c – electron microscope, whole cells; g, g–h – electron microscope, ultrathin sections; d–f – electron microscope, ultrathin sections, cells treated with AgNO₃; i–j – electron microscope, ultrathin sections, cells treated with AgNO₃, Thioalkalicoccus limnaeus A26ᵀ. Scale: (a) – 10 μm; (b–h) – 2 μm; (i–j) – 0.5 μm. Designations: WS – cell wall; L – lamellar photosynthetic structures; PP – polyphosphates; S – elemental sulfur; Ag₂S – silver sulfide.

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3. Fig. 2. Absorption spectrum of whole cells (solid line) and acetone-methanol extract (dotted line) of cells of different strains of Trs. sibirica.

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4. Fig. 3. Effect of pH on the growth of Trs. sibirica BG35 bacteria.

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5. Fig. 4. Effect of Na₂CO₃ and NaCl on the growth of Trs. sibirica BG35 bacteria.

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6. Fig. 5. Phylogenetic position of Trs. sibirica strains among phototrophic members of the family Ectothiorhodospiraceae based on the comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Halorhodospira halophila DSM 244ᵀ is included in the tree as an outgroup. The tree was constructed using the Neighbour-Joining algorithm. Bootstrap values ​​are obtained from 1000 bootstrap rounds (values ​​less than 50 are not shown).

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