Genesis of adaptive residential structures under conditions of permafrost thaw

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Abstract

The article is devoted to the features of the evolutionary formation of adaptive residential structures located in the permafrost zone. Due to contemporary technological and social changes, the latest stage of adaptive structures in an extreme northern climate is designated. Current global risks include processes associated with the degradation of the permafrost landscape, affecting the regional housing stock. The purpose of this study is to identify the main stages of the typology of adaptive residential structures in the context of permafrost thawing. Using historical and genetic analysis within a system approach, the following stages of evolutionary development were established: archaic, pre-industrial, industrial, eco-sustainable, and meta-prognostic. Since the 1960s, the typology’s genesis has been characterized by bifurcation, with active formation in material developments and predictive searches. The current stage combines eco-sustainable approaches to creating a living environment in extreme conditions and synergy with virtual environments.

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About the authors

S. А. Kizilova

The Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy)

Author for correspondence.
Email: s.kizilova@markhi.ru

Candidate of Sciences (Architecture)

Russian Federation, 11/4, Rozhdestvenka Street, Moscow, 107031

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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1. JATS XML
2. Fig. 1. Yaranga, the traditional dwelling of the nomadic peoples of the North (https://www.chukotka-museum.ru/collection/yaranga)

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3. Fig. 2. The structure of the house-courtyard in the Arkhangelsk region (https://m-der.ru/store/10006298/10006335/10006345/10014551/)

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4. Fig. 3. Contemporary structures that use the properties of traditional northern dwellings: a – restaurant by Murman Arkitekter (https://divisare.com/projects/317462-murman-arkitekter-ake-e-son-lindman-restaurang-tusen-ramundberget-sweden); b – structure with the snow cover by M. Krasojevic (https://www.archdaily.com/639640/margot-krasojevic-turns-snow-cave-shelters-into-practical-impossible-art)

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5. Fig. 4. Development of mobile shelter typologies for extreme conditions: а – modular shelter (https://www.dezeen.com/2011/12/03/new-refuge-gervasutti-by-leapfactory/amp/); b – shelter in the form of an icosahedron (https://studiobressan.net/2015-bivacco-fanton-marmarole-bl)

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6. Fig. 5. Megastructure “Pyramid” by A. Shipkov and E. Shipkova (https://tatlin.ru/articles/polyarnoe_mnenie)

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7. Fig. 6. Project of megastructure “Arrival” by V. Karpov (https://uni.xyz/projects/arrival-desc-project-arrival-about-life-)

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8. Fig. 7. “The Arc” seed storage (https://www.archdaily.com/927622/snohetta-designs-arctic-visitor-center-for-svalbards-global-seed-vault)

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9. Fig. 8. The search for predictive typologies in the context of virtualization of the project environment: a – a prototype of an igloo created with the help of a neural network, artist M. Knapnougel (https://www.ai-aesthetic-studio.com/); b – an individual house in a virtual environment, architect A. Reisinger (https://reisinger.studio/winter-house/)

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10. Fig. 9. Experimental design of small residential buildings in the conditions of permafrost thawing: a – Rowhouse in Surgut, author A. Kalyakina; b – Outpost, author P. Vorobyeva; c – Baptisterium, author A. Minasyan; d – Abbot house, author A. Oleynyk; e – Baptisterium, author A. Volkova. Supervisors: S.A. Kizilova, E.V. Katyshev, L.P. Churilina

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